电加热反应釜生产过程控制

论文编号:ZD416  论文字数:12624,页数:28，
摘要:
 针对电加热炉的特点,介绍一种新型的应用单片机进行智能的控温系统.这种控制方法具有超调小,调整时间快,精度高的特点.系统通过硬件电路和软件程序来实现智能控制.本设计所讨论的电加热炉是指用于测试合金钢在一定拉力和温度下的力学性能懂得加热炉.它由上下两组炉丝进行加热,用上下两组热电偶检测炉内温度.系统要求超调量小或基本超调,调节时间t≤1h,无震荡,控温精度±2c.
 随着微电子技术的发展,特别是单片微型计算机的出现,对上述被控对象采用功能强,体积小,价格底的智能化温度控制装置进行控制已成为现实.
关键词：   炉温控制     电加热      温度检测        信号放大

    The electricity that aim at the characteristics heats the lu , introducing a kind of new applied single a machine proceeding to control the system of temputure  intellectively.This kind of control method has the super adjusting small, adjustment time is quick, high characteristics in accuracy.The system passes the hardware electric circuit to realizes with the software procedure intelligence control.The electricity that this discuss when designing heating lu is a mechanics to point to used for the test metal alloy steel at pull the dint certainly to descend with the temperature function to know the heating lu .It be heated by top and bottom two lu s silk proceeding, using top and bottom two thermocouples the examination the temperature inside the lu .The system requests to be super to adjust the deal the small or basic and super adjusting, regulating time t ≤ 1 h, have no to oscillate, control temputure accuracy ± 2 cseseses.
 Along with the technical development in micro-electronics, especially single an emergence of microcomputer, to above were controled the object adoption function strong, the physical volume is small, the intelligence of the price bottom turns the temperature the control equips the proceeding the control has become the actuality.
Key phrase:   tempeture control     The electricity heats      Temperature examination        The signal enlarges

 目录
 1前言………………………………………………………. 3
 2 摘要…………………………………………………..5
 3.系统组成与工作原理………………………………………6
 4 硬件系统设计…………………………………………………7
8098单片机小系统…………………………………………7
键盘与显示电路…………………………………………….7
8279键盘与显示器接口……………………………………7
零点迁移……………………………………………………..9
(5)    标度变换与温度补偿……………………………………9
   (6)    温度检测与放大电路……………………………9
过零检测电路……………………………………………….10
存储器扩展电路…………………………………………….11
掉电检测与保护电路……………………………………….11
晶闸管过零检测与触发电路……………………………….12
声光报警与手动电路……………………………………….13
 5软件系统设计……………………………………………………13
控制算法……………………………………………………..13
温度检测与标度变换子程序………………………………...14
数字调节器的设计……………………………………………15
  6抗干扰措施……………………………………………………19
 7.系统的调试……………………………………………………19
 8.参考文献………………………………………………………21
 9.致谢……………………………………………………………22
 10.附录…………………………………………………………23

电阻炉的技术数据如下：
  额定功率P=4KW，额定电压=220V，二根电源引线（一根电阻丝）。
  温度工艺要求如图3-23所示。设计要求如下：
温度超调量：＆<=10%
恒温误差（静差）：+/-3C
恒温值：400~600C
恒温时间：1800~3600s
显示控温时的实际炉温和恒温时间