浮尘含量检测系统的光电传感器设计

论文编号:ZD1052    论文字数:18567,页数:41

摘  要

 介绍了一种自行研制的浮尘含量检测系统的测量原理和工作系统，该仪器用于监测空气中悬浮物、烟雾等浮尘粒子的含量，并且实时反映浮尘含量的变化情况。浮尘含量检测仪基于光散射原理，工作系统主要分为传感器、电路、气路和中央控制四部分。本仪器中还添加了模拟环境装置，可以模拟各种浮尘含量的环境。仪器选用了直角散射光学传感器接收信号光，经光电转换和电路处理，可获得环境中浮尘粒子的含量和变化信息。光电传感器部分选用了市场上普遍的光电二极管和光敏电阻作为光学传感器，能够精确对空气中的浮尘进行采样。同时还采用了多传感器多点测量技术，确保数据的准确性。试验数据证实了该浮尘含量检测仪具有对浮尘含量检测的能力。

关键词：光散射、浮尘含量检测仪、光电传感器

Abstract

 Introduceding the Measuring principle and working System of a-self-developed dust content Detection System. which is used in detected the particles content of suspended material and smoke in the air, and reflection dust content change in real-time. introduced based on principle of light scattering, The instrument includes an optical sensor, electric circuit, gas channel and center control unit. The instrument also adds device simulation environment that can simulate all kinds of dust content content environment. Instruments selected to receive the signal right angle light scattering optical sensor, by photoelectric conversion and circuit processing, dust particles in the environment available to content and change information. Instruments selected to receive the signal right angle light scattering optical sensor, through photoelectric conversion and circuit processing, available to know the content and change information of dust particles in the environment. Photoelectric sensor part use Photorectifier and Photoresistance , which can carry on the sampling precisely to the air floating dust . It also uses multi-sensor multi-point measurement techniques, to ensure the accuracy of the data. The experimental data have approved the Instrument has the ability of detection of tdust content .

Keywords：Light scattering、dust content Detection、System  Photoelectric sensor

目 录
摘要……………………………………………………………………………....…….……........I
Abstract……………………………………………………………………….……..……........II
1 前言………………………………………………………………………….…………….......1
 1.1浮尘的特点及其影响…………………………………………………………….….......2
 1.2浮尘含量检测仪的作用和发展历史…………………………………….….……….....3
2 总体设计方案……………………………………………………………………...................5
 2.1检测仪总工作原理…………………………………………………………………........5
 2.2 浮尘含量检测仪的各部分组成及功能…………………………………………….......5
3  浮尘含量检测系统的光电传感器设计 ……….............................................................7
 3.1光电传感器的工作原理......…………………………………………………………7
  3.1.1光电传感器的构成...............………………………………………......7
  3.1.2分类和工作方式...……………………………………………………..............7
 3.2光的散射原理...........…………………………………………………......……....8
 3.3设计方案选择及优缺点…………......................………………………..10
 3.3.1方案一.....................………………………………….……….......11
 3.3.1方案二...............……………………........….……….....……………...11
 3.4选取材料...............……….......…………………...............……….……...12
 3.4.1光源的选择……….......…………………………….......…………….…....12
 3.4.2浮尘源的选择…….......………………………….............…………….…...13
 3.4.3光电传感器的选择.......……………………….....................………….…...13
 3.4.3.1光电二极管.......…………………….………………………….......14
 3.4.3.2光敏电阻….......……………………….………………….…….....15
 3.5制作实验装置..........……….......……………………………….……….….19
 3.5.1 容器选择.......……….......………………………...…….……….....19
 3.5.2 光源和光电传感器的放置…………………….....…….……......................19
 3.5.3 模拟环境的设置…….......………...……………...……........................20
 3.5.4 其他部分.......……….......………………………..………….............20
 3.6 修改调试..........……….......………………………….....….………..….21
4 浮尘含量检测系统的信号调理设计………..….....…….…........……...........24
 4.1检测系统的信号调理….......…………………………...…….……….…….…24
 4.2放大电路.......……….......………………………….....…...…...………24
 4.3误差分析......……….......…………………………..….……......…..……25
5浮尘含量检测系统的LabVIEW数据采集分析软件设计 …………………......…27
 5.1检测系统的数据采集分析..…………………………......…...…….........….….27
 5.2 LabVIEW......……….......…....…………….….……….…….....……….27
6  系统的调试...………………………………….……………................30
 6.1实际测试 ………….........................……………….………................30
 6.2 数据分析…………………......................……………….….…...….…33
7  总结………………………………………………………………………………..…..….36
致谢………………………………………………………………………………..…….….....37