教室照明自动控制器的研制

论文编号:ZD920    论文字数:11562,页数:25

摘  要
 目前在各办公楼、写字间以及学校教学楼、图书馆等公共场所中，由于使用人群不固定，往往存在使用完后忽略关灯的现象，这样就造成了不必要的能源浪费和经济损失。另外，各种照明灯具都具有一定的使用时限，在光线充足的情况下仍继续使用，必然会缩短灯具的使用寿命。为解决上述问题，设计了一个基于单片机的室内灯光实时智能控制管理系统。设计中采用光敏电阻，红外传感器和单片机技术，设计了传感器接口电路、AD转换电路、灯光控制电路，实现对室内光线的实时监控和室内是否有人的判断，由AT89S52单片机控制室内灯的开关状态，采用汇编语言设计A／D转换，进而实现对室内灯光进行实时控制，以达到方便而又节约能源的目的。本文主要介绍系统的开发背景，意义，并重点介绍了硬件设计和软件设计的过程。在硬件方面，从元件，模块，系统逐级阐述，特别是系统的核心部分AT89S52，并用PROTEL 软件对原理图和电路板的制作。软件方面，用现阶段比较流行的单片机C语言编程。最后是软硬件的调试，其中介绍了单片机仿真软件WAVE6000的使用。
 
关键词 伟福6000 光敏电阻 红外传感器 AT89S52  ADC0809 PROTEL

Abstract
Present in all office buildings，office and school building ，libraries and other public places， because of the use of the crowd is not fixed，often there is the phenomenon that we ignore the lights ，thus causing unnecessary waste of energy and economic losses．In addition，a variety of lighting fixtures are used with a certain time frame，if continue to use in the sunny conditions，it will certainly shorten the lamp life．In order to solve the above problems，this article designs a real-time intelligent control of indoor lighting management system based on a microcontroller．This program uses photosensitive resistors，infrared sensors and microcontroller technology and designs sensor interface circuits，A／D conversion circuit，lighting control circuit，achieves real-time monitoring of indoor lighting and judging if there is somebody in the room．AT89S52 MCU controls room by the light switch status，using assembly language design A／D conversion．It realizes real-time control of indoor lighting，and meets the convenience and energy savings．
In this article, it introduces the systematic development background, the significance and especially the process of the hardware design and the software design .In the hardware aspect, this article elaborates the part, the module, the system one by one, especially the core of the system AT89S52,and uses the PROTEL . Software to the schematic diagram and the electric circuit board manufacture. In the software aspect with the present stage quite popular monolithic integrated circuit C language programming,. Finally it was the software and hardware debugging, in which introduced the in stations of the stations of monolithic integrated circuit simulation software WAVE6000 use.
 
 Keyword：WAVE6000  photosensitive resistors  infrared sensors   AT89S52  ADC0809    PROTEL

目录
摘要……………………………………………………………………………………. . ………………I
Abstract………………………………………………………………………………………………..II
1 绪论……………………………………………………………………………………………….…..1
1.1研究的背景…………………………………………………………………………….………...1
1.2 研究的目的和意义………....…………………………………………………………………...1
1.3研究的方案……………………………………………………………………. . ………………1
2 芯片选用说明…….………………………………………………………………………………..2
   2.1 AT89S52………….…..…...……..…………………………………………………………...….2
    2.1.1 相关芯片及其引脚分….....……...……………………………………….…………....2
 2.1.2 引脚功能说明……………..……………………………………………………………2
 2.2 ADC0809………………………..………….……………………………………………………5
     2.2.1 ADC0809的内部逻辑结构….…….…....………………………………………….…..5
  2.2.2 ADC0809引脚结构………..….…...……………………………………….……..……6
  2.2.3 ADC0809应用说明………...……..……………………………………………………7
 2.3 74LS74……………………….…………………………………………………………………8
2.3.174LS74的结构和功能…….…………………………..…………………………….….8
2.3.2集成触发器74LS74功能检测………......………………………………………….…8
  2.3.3四分频器的设计与实现………..………...……………………………………………9
3系统硬/软件设计……..…………………………………………………………………………...10
 3.1 夜用照明系统的设………………….………......………………………...…………………10
3.1.1方案论证和比较…………..…………………………………………………………10
3.1.2 系统工作原理及实现………..…………...…………………………………………11
3.2 硬件设计……………….…………….…………………………………………..………….12
3.2.1光照检测及转换电路…….…………………………………………….……………12
3.2.2热释电红外线传感器…….……………………………………………….…………13
3.2.3单片机系统……………….………………………………………………….………14
3.2.4控制电路………………….………………………………………………….………15
 3.3软件设计部分……..…………...……………………………………………………………15
4 调 试...………………….…...…………………………………………………...……….…………16
4.1硬件调试……………………………………………………………………..………………..17
4.2软件的调试….…………………………………………………………………………………17
5 总结与展望….…………………………………………………………………………………..…18
5.1工作总结………………………………………………………………………………………18
5.2展望....……….………...…………………………………………………...……….…………19
致谢...……….………….…………………………………………………………...……….…………20
参考文献...……….………………………………………………………………...……….…………21
附录一...……….…………………………………………………………………...……….…………22
附录二...…………………….……………………………………………………...……….…………23