楼宇遥控门锁设计

论文编号:ZD960    论文字数:18854,页数:48

摘  要
 电子技术的飞速发展，给传统锁具带来了巨大的变革。由于传统锁具存在着比较大的安全隐患，为了满足人们对锁具越来越多的要求，通过现代电子技术和机械技术相结合，以密码来代替传统的金属钥匙的密码锁应运而生。同时，设计出了一系列的防盗密码锁。这些密码锁不断地向我们显示了其安全性和方便性。
 通过红外遥控技术和电子密码锁技术相结合的系统解决方案，设计一种比较简易的红外遥控密码锁。红外遥控具有许多优点，例如红外发射装置采用红外二极管，遥控发射器易于小型化且价格低廉；采用数字信号编码和二次调制方式，不仅可以实现多路信息的控制，增加遥控功能，提高信号传输的抗干扰性，减少错误动作，且功率消耗低；红外线不会向室外泄漏，不会产生信号串扰；反应速度快，传输效率高，工作稳定可靠等。这种红遥控密码锁是以AT89C51单片机为控制核心，包含遥控发射器和遥控接收系统。对其进行详细的硬件电路和软件结构设计，使得密码锁具有短距离无线遥控开锁，按键指示，控制报警，密码设置等功能，具有保密性好、安全可靠、成本低廉、连接方便、简单易用、适用范围广等特点，而且特别适合家庭、宾馆、仓库、私家车库等场所。

关键词： 单片机，红外遥控，电子密码锁，AT89C51
Abstract
With the electronic technology developing, the traditional lock has tremendous changes. Because there are relatively large traditional lock security risks, in order to satisfy the increasing demands on the lock, through modern electronic technology and mechanical technology combined with, a password to replace the traditional metal key lock came into being. And it designed a series of anti-theft lock. The locks constantly show us the security and convenience.
Through the infrared remote control technology and electronic code lock combined with, it designs a relatively simple infrared remote control lock. Infrared remote control has many advantages, such as infrared devices use infrared diode, so remote control transmitter is easy to miniaturize and inexpensive; by using digital signal coding and the second modulation type, it can achieve multiple messages control, increase remote control function, improve anti-interference of the signal transmission, reduce errors movements, and have low power consumption; infrared will not leak to the outside, and will not result in signal crosstalk; reaction speed, transmission efficiency, stable and reliable. Lock’s control center is AT89C51 microcontroller. With detailed design of hardware and software architecture, it makes lock have many functions ,such as unlock with the short-range wireless remote control, key directions, control alarm, password setting. It is confidential, safe and reliable, low cost, convenient connections, easy to use, for a wide range of characteristics, and particularly suitable for families, hotels, warehouses, private garage and other places.

Keywords: Microcontroller, Infrared Remote Control, Electronic locks，AT89C51
目 录
摘  要 II
Abstract III
1  绪 论 1
2  系统设计方案 3
2.1 方案论证 3
2.2 系统的总体设计 4
3  控制系统的硬件设计 6
3.1 单片机及其外围电路 6
3.2 稳压电源电路 10
3.3 遥控发射电路 10
3.3.1 采用单片机串行通信原理 11
3.3.2 采用红外线遥控原理 13
3.3.3 遥控发射电路 14
3.4 键盘接口电路 14
3.5 液晶显示电路 16
3.6 外部存储器电路 16
3.6.1 AT24C01介绍 16
3.6.2 AT24C01的电路 17
3.7 状态指示与报警电路 18
3.8 单片机的复位和时钟电路 19
3.8.1 单片机的复位电路 19
3.8.2 单片机的时钟电路 19
3.9 门锁电机驱动电路 19
3.10 硬件总体电路 20
3.11 系统硬件小结 21
4  系统软件设计 22
4.1 系统软件设计原则 22
4.2 系统主要程序 22
4.2.1 键盘主程序 22
4.2.2 遥控发射子程序 23
4.2.3 遥控接收子程序 24
4.2.4 初始密码设置子程序 25
4.2.5键盘扫描子程序 26
4.2.6 密码修改子程序 27
4.2.7按键有效显示子程序 28
4.2.8系统主程序 28
4.3系统软件小结 29
5  电路的仿真和调试 30
5.1 用PROTEUS软件的电路仿真 30
5.2 系统的调试及注意事项 31
5.2.1 系统的调试及实现过程 31
5.2.2 注意事项 32
6 系统设计的技术难点及解决方案 33
6.1 系统硬件抗干扰措施 33
6.2 系统软件抗干扰措施 34
6.3 本章小结 35
7  总 结 36
致 谢 37
参考文献 38
附 录 39