炉温过程控制技术

论文编号:ZD498  论文字数:25677,页数:49，
 
摘　要：
 本文以工业锅炉水温控制系统为背景，针对目前工程实际控制理论的缺乏，提出了一套基于智能仪表的过程控制系统。
 锅炉设备是一个复杂的控制对象，主要输入变量是负荷、锅炉给水、燃料量、减温水、送风和引风等；主要输出变量是汽包水位、蒸汽压力、炉膛负压、过剩空气等。因输入变量与输出变量相互关联，如果蒸汽负荷发生变化，必将会引起汽包水位、蒸汽压力和过热蒸汽温度的变化。所以说锅炉是一个多输入、多输出且相互关联的控制对象，、本控制系统由负荷控制和燃烧控制子系统构成。控制系统通过调节供入的燃料量和合理组织炉内燃烧，提高了锅炉的运行效率。针对不同的调节对象，分别设计了不同的PID控制器，改善了控制系统的整体控制效果。

 关键词：　锅炉水温控制,过程控制,PID ,智能仪表
  
 Boiler  water  temperature  of  Process  Control
 
Abstract：
 This text regard industry boiler water temperature control system as the background, aiming at current the actual control in engineering lack heoretically，putting forward a set of processes that according to intelligence gauge control system.
 The boiler equipments is a complicated control object, main input to change the deal is to carries, the boiler water supply, fuel measures and reduce the hot water and send the breeze with lead breeze etc.;It is main to output to change the deal is a vapor a water level, steam pressure, boiler to take to press, excess air etc..Because the importation changes the deal change with exportation the deal mutually connection, if the steam carries the occurrence changes, will cause the vapor a water level, steam pressure necessarily with over the variety of the hot steam temperature.So say that the boiler is a control for much inputting, much outputting and mutually connection object,, this control system from carry control with burn to control the sub- system composing.The control system passes the fuel that regulate provides in to measure to organizes with the reasonable the inside of burns, increasing the movement efficiency of the boiler.Aim at to regulate the object differently, distinguish to design the different the controller of PID, improve the whole control result of the control system.

 Keywords：Boiler water temperature control,  process control,  PID, intelligence gauge

 目        录   

摘要………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ
Abstract…………………………………………………………………Ⅱ

第1章  概述  ………………………………………………………………1
 1.1过程控制系统的基本概念……………………………………………………………1
1.2过程控制仪表…………………………………………………………………………2
 1.3 控制系统分析方法……………………………………………………………………4
 1.4锅炉水温控制系统概述………………………………………………………………9

第2章 总体方案……………………………………………………………12
 2.1 技术要求……………………………………………………………………………12
 2.2 总体方案的确定……………………………………………………………………14

第3章 控制算法设计………………………………………………………16
3.1蒸汽温度的控制………………………………………………………………………16
3.2锅炉内胆二位式控制…………………………………………………………………20
3.3 燃烧控制子系统………………………………………………………………………23
3.4燃烧系统模糊控制……………………………………………………………………29
  第4章 硬件设计………………………………………………………………………31
 4. 1 硬件组成结构………………………………………………………………………31
 4．2检测装置………………………………………………………………………………31
 4.3执行装置………………………………………………………………………………34
 4.4控制模块………………………………………………………………………………34

第5章  组态软件设计………………………………………………………………36
 5.1组态软件功能说明……………………………………………………………………36
  5.1 HMI软件介绍…………………………………………………………………………36
 5.2 STEP7-Micro/W软件介绍……………………………………………………………38
第6章 调试…………………………………………………………………41
结束语…………………………………………………………………………42
参考文献………………………………………………………………………43
致谢……………………………………………………………………………44