嵌入式PID控制器设计

论文编号:ZD1062    论文字数:17437,页数:46

摘  要
 控制器是工业生产系统的大脑。随着科技的发展，生产的需要，研制智能化、小型化的PID控制器越来越受重视。然而一般的8位处理器，由于性能低下，已经无法满足大量的数据处理，更难以满足生产系统实时、多任务的要求。因此，32位处理器以其高的性价比，出众的性能成为现在开发产品首选的控制器。
 本文重点介绍了嵌入式PID系统设计。此系统包括硬件系统与软件系统。硬件系统主要使用了信号变换电路将信号转换成处理器能够处理的信号或外部设备能够别的信号。软件系统主要利用应用软件接收由底层设备驱动从外部获取的数据，通过触摸屏与用户交互，获得PID参数的设定，然后使用ARM9处理器进行PID计算，最终把数据显示在人机界面上。本文详细的介绍了DA、AD、触摸屏驱动的编写过程和用Qt编写的应用程序，以及将其移植到ARM9的过程。
 
 
关键词：PID  Linux设备驱动  嵌入式Linux系统  Qt

Abstract
 The controller is the brain of Industrial production system . With the development of science and technology, production and development of intelligent,developing the Miniaturization of PID controller is more and more importance.However, the eight processors generally due to the low performance has been unable to meet a large number of data processing, production systems more difficult to meet real-time, multi-mission requirements. Therefore, the 32-bit processor with its high cost, superior performance products is being developed to become the preferred controller.
 This article focuses on introducing embedded system design of PID. This system includes the hardware system and software systems. Hardware system is mainly used in the signal conversion circuit to convert the signal processor can handle the signal or the external device can identify the signal. Software system mainly used software applications received from an external device drivers from bottom of data, through the screen to interact with users,getting the PID parameters Settings,and then ARM9 processor can carry thre calculating of PID, finally the PID data display in man-machine interface. This article describes in detail the DA, AD, touch screen-driven process and prepared to use Qt applications, as well as to the process of transplantation to the ARM9.
 
Keywords：PID、Linux Device Drivers、Embedded Linux Systems、Qt

目 录
摘要……………………………………………………………………………. . .……………....II
1 绪论…………………………………………………………………………………………….1
1.1  PID概述…………………………………………………………………….………......1
1.2  嵌入式技术…………………………………………………………………….... . …...2
1.3  本文的主要研究内容………………………………………………………………......4
2嵌入式PID控制器系统设计…………………………………………………………... ..4
2.1  系统总体结构…………………………………………………………………………..4
2.2  信号转换电路…………………………………………………………………………..5
  2.2.1 电流电压转换电路……………………………………………………………....6
  2.2.2 电压电流转换电路………………………………………………………………6
2.3  系统总体软件流程……………………………………………………………………..8
3嵌入式开发环境的建立…………………………………………………………………….6
3.1  开发环境的总述………………………………………………………………………...9
  3.1.1 开发环境的配置方案…………………………………………………………....9
  3.1.2 开发环境的配置………………………………………………………………....9
3.2  嵌入式Linux内核的配置和固化……………………………………………………..12
3.3  嵌入式Linux系统文件系统的建立…………………………………………………..16
4 Linux设备驱动程序……………..……………………………………………………….17
 4.1 设备驱动程序简述……………………………………………………………………...17
 4.2  PWM驱动程序设计…………………………………………………………………...18
     4.2.1  S3C2410的定时器简述………………………………………………………..18
     4.2.2  PWM驱动程序流程……………………………………………………………18
 4.2.3  PWM驱动程序设计……………………………………………………………18
 4.3  ADC与触摸屏驱动程序设计…………………………………………………………20
  4.3.1  S3C2410的ADC和触摸屏接口简述…………………………………………20.
  4.3.2  ADC与触摸屏驱动程序流程图……………………………………………….21
  4.3.3  ADC与触摸屏驱动程序设计………………………………………………….22
5  图形用户界面开发环境……………………………………………………. . .…………26
 5.1 嵌入式系统图形用户界面……………………………………………………………..27
 5.2 QT简述…………………………………………………………………………………..27
5.3 建立QT开发环境………………………………………………………………………..27
 5.4 建立QT运行环境……………………………………………………………………...31
 5.4.1  交叉编译QTOPIA………………………………………………………………31
 5.4.2  QTOPIA移植到目标板…………………………………………………………33
 5.5 PID应用软件……………………………………………………………………………34
 5.5.1  PID应用软件设计……………………………………………………………..34
 5.5.2  PID算法设计…………………………………………………………………..37
6  总结…………………………………………………………………………………………...40
致谢…………………………………………………………………………………………..........41
参考文献…………………………………………………………………………………………...42