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论文编号:ZY111 论文字数:10376,页数:26
摘 要：本论文主要讨论的洋葱中的活性物质（洋葱油）及其中各个组分相对含量。考虑到洋葱油在新鲜洋葱中的含量极少，故采用脱水洋葱粉替代，同时洋葱油中部分为热敏性物质，为了使其不在萃取过程被破坏分解，决定采用超临界二氧化碳萃取装置制备洋葱油。通过气相色谱-质谱联用技术对洋葱油中化学成分进行了分析，分离出65个色谱峰，鉴定出19个物质，其中有几个是首次从洋葱中分离得到的。已鉴定出来的化合物占总峰面积的77.6%，洋葱油中化合物总数的29.2%。结果显示，脱水洋葱粉提取的洋葱挥发油的主要成分是3, 5-二乙基-1, 2, 4-三硫环戊烷，4-甲基-4-羟基戊酮，6-氨基-1, 3, 5-三嗪基-2, 4-二酚和3, 4-二甲基噻吩等含硫化合物，与文献中一般提及的以硫醚类化合物为主的洋葱有所差异。
关键词：洋葱；超临界流体；萃取；气相色谱-质谱联用
Abstract : This article mainly discuss the active substance (onion oil) in Allium cepa L. and the relative content of various substances. Taking into account the active material in fresh onion in the content is extremely low, we decide to buy dehydraed onion powder instead. In the meanwhile, some components in onion are heat-sensitive materials, in order not to damage those active substance, we finally determine to adopt the preparation method of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of onion oil. After analyzed by GC/MS, 65 peaks were separated from the oil.and 19 compounds were identified.Some chemicals were the first time separated from the plant.These compounds identified took up 77.6% of the total areas and 29.2% of all compounds.The results showed that main compounds of Chinese Allium cepa L. were the main 3,5-diethyl-1,2,4-trithiane, 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone, 6-amino-1H-
[1,3,5]triazine-2,4-dione, 3,4-dimethylthiophene and other thianes, thiols, sulfides..
These compounds were partly different from these of the same over sea species which had sulfoethers as main components.
Keywords : Onion；Supercritical fluid；Extraction；GC/MS
目 录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目录 III
1. 绪论 1
1.1 洋葱的生态习性 1
1.2 洋葱的营养成分 1
1.3 洋葱的保健功效 2
1.4 洋葱油制备方法 3
1.5 超临界萃取原理 3
1.6 气相色谱-质谱联用 5
1.6.1 气相色谱 5
1.6.2 质谱 6
1.6.3 气相色谱-质谱联用 6
2. 实验部分 7
2.1 材料与方法 7
2.1.1 材料和仪器 7
2.2 洋葱挥发油的提取 7
2.3 洋葱挥发油的分析 8
2.3.1 气相分析 8
2.3.2 气相色谱-质谱联用分析 9
3. 结果与讨论 9
3.1 洋葱油的产率 9
3.2 洋葱油的GC-MS分析 10
3.3 结论 12
4. 总结与展望 12
致谢 13
参考文献 14
附录 16
