摘 要
目的: 探讨提取鱼腥草多糖的制备工艺，其常用的制备工艺有超声波提取法、碱法提取法、酸法提取法。
方法:以多糖得率、多糖含量为指标成分,采用正交试验对上述三种方法提取鱼腥草多糖的工艺进行优选。结果表明,鱼腥草多糖的最佳提取工艺为∶液固比( V/m ,mL/g ,下同) 30∶1 ,80 ℃水浴提取3 次,每次2h ,多糖提取率达3.5%. 除蛋白、上凝胶层析分离柱得多糖纯品,用WatersSep - pak C18固相萃取小柱预分离,以Waters carbohydrate 高效糖柱为固定相,V (乙腈)∶V (水) = 70∶30 为流动相分离,蒸发光散射仪为检测器检测,得到鱼腥草多糖组成m (木糖)∶m(果糖)∶m(阿拉伯糖)∶m(半乳糖)= 2. 209∶1. 587∶1. 000∶2. 092.。
结论：从多糖的得率及含量可以得出三种方法中的超声提取法为最佳工艺，该方法简便,准确,灵敏度高,适合于鱼腥草多糖的提取。
关键词：鱼腥草，多糖，超声提取，碱法提取，酸法提取
Abstract
Object：Investigate the extraction of polysaccharides cordate houttuynia Preparation，its preparation has commonly used ultrasonic extraction method, alkali extraction, acid extraction method.
Ways：To yield polysaccharide, polysaccharide content as an index component, orthogonal test of the above three methods of extraction of polysaccharides cordate houttuynia optimization process. The results showed that the best cordate houttuynia polysaccharide extraction process as follows: liquid-solid ratio (V / m, mL / g, the same below) 30:1, 80 ℃ water bath extracted 3 times 2h, extraction rate of polysaccharides 3.5%. In addition to protein, gel chromatography on a column of pure polysaccharide with WatersSep - pak C18 solid phase extraction column pre-separation to efficient sugar Waters carbohydrate column as the stationary phase, V (acetonitrile): V ( water) = 70:30 as mobile phase separation, evaporative light scattering detector instrument to detect, to be composed of polysaccharide cordate houttuynia m (xylose): m (fructose): m (arabinose): m (galactose) = 2. 209:1. 587:1. 000:2. 092..
Conclusion: from the polysaccharide yield and content can be drawn in three ways ultrasonic extraction method as the best technology, the method is simple, accurate, high sensitivity, suitable for the extraction of polysaccharides cordate houttuynia.
Keywords: cordate houttuynia, polysaccharide, ultrasonic extraction, alkali extraction, acid extraction
目 录
1 引言 ……………………………………………………………………………………1
1.1 实验仪器与数据……………………………………………………………………… 1
2 方法与结果…………………………………………………………………………… 2
2.1 方法…………………………………………………………………………………… 2
2.2 多糖含量测定方法的建立 ……………………………………………………………2
2.3 正交实验法提取鱼腥草多糖………………………………………………………… 2
2.4 不同提取方法的比较………………………………………………………………… 5
3 鱼腥草中多糖提取方法的建立…………………………………………………… 7
3.1 色谱条件 ……………………………………………………………………………… 7
3.2 鱼腥草多糖样品处理及成分分析………………………………………………………7
3.3 ELSD 参数的选择…………………………………………………………………… 8
4 影响多糖的提取率……………………………………………………………… 9
4.1 多糖提取条件的选择………………………………………………………………… 9
4.2 液固比对多糖提取率的影响液固比对多糖提取率的影响……………………………………………………………………………………………… 9
4.3 时间对多糖提取率的影响………………………………………………………………9
4.4 提取次数对多糖提取率的影响…………………………………………… 9
4.5 除蛋白数…………………………………………………………………………… 10
4.6 多糖水解条件的确立 ……………………………………………… 10
5 回归方程、线性范围与检出限与分析结果………………………………………………………………………… 11
5.1 回归方程、线性范围与检出限 ………………………………………………… 11
5.2 样品分析结果………………………………………………………………………… 11
6 讨论………………………………………………………………………………… 12
6.1 酸法提取鱼腥草多糖的注意事项………………………………………………… 12
6.2 碱法提取鱼腥草多糖的注意事项………………………………………………… 12
6.3 超声波提取鱼腥草多糖………………………………………………… 12
7 结论……………………………………………………………………………… 13
参考文献 ……………………………………………………………………………… 14
致谢……………………………………………………………………………………… 15
