冷战后日印关系的演变及其成因
Japan-India Relations after the Cold War: The Evolution and Its Cause
【中文摘要】 日本和印度同为亚洲大国,两国在东亚、南亚各自具有不可取代的作用,日印双边关系与中国乃至亚洲的安全息息相关。冷战时期,美苏两大集团激烈对抗,日本在外交上选择紧随美国,而印度则采取了不结盟政策,并且与苏联保持友好关系。利益的不和,导致这一时期的日印关系比较冷淡。冷战结束后,随着国际局势的巨变,日本和印度都对其外交战略进行了调整。日本加快从经济大国向政治大国的转变步伐,而印度则采取以经济外交为主的兼顾东西方的外交政策。两国在彼此的外交战略中找寻到利益的契合点,于是着手积极改善相互关系并逐渐发展为日渐密切的合作伙伴关系。然而,两国关系的发展并非一帆风顺,而是呈现出不断变化,时有起伏的态势。1998年5月印度进行的核试验,遭到了日本的强烈谴责和经济制裁,两国关系几乎降至历史最低点。出于战略利益的考虑,其后两国努力修复双边关系,尤其是2000年8月,日本首相森喜朗访印,极大地推动了两国关系的修复,开创了发展的新局面。本文从历史学的视角出发,对冷战后日印关系的演变历程进行分阶段论述,同时综合运用地缘政治学、国际关系学等多个学科的知识,对冷战后影响日印关系演变的若干因素进行了比较深入的分析,力求清晰客观地展现冷战后日印关系演变的历史脉络,并根据日印关系的演变特点而提出自己的思考。本文主要包括以下四个部分:第一部分:绪论。主要阐述了本文选题的缘由及意义,并在回顾已有研究成果的基础上,总结出本文的研究思路。第二部分:冷战后日印关系的演变。简要回顾了冷战时期的日印关系,并指出冷战时期由于受国际大环境以及日本、印度两国各自所奉行的外交政策的影响,导致这一时期日印关系总体冷淡。对于冷战后的日印关系,主要从历史学的角度围绕对两国均有较大影响的历史事件进行分阶段论述,突出日印关系的发展和演变历程。然后,对各阶段内两国政治、经济、军事等方面的交往情况进行考察。第三部分:影响日印关系演变的若干因素。比较全面深刻地分析了影响冷战后日印关系演变的诸多因素,主要从日印两国的自身因素、美国因素、中国因素、俄罗斯因素这几个方面入手进行综合比较,力求做到分析客观,结论可靠。第四部分:主要从政治、经济和安全方面,讨论了冷战后日印关系的发展演变对中国的影响。作为日本和印度的邻国,随着近年来日印两国在政治、经济、军事方面的互动合作呈明显加强之势,中国理所应当地应予以密切关注并做出必要的反应。
【英文摘要】 Japan and India are great nations in Asian,both of them have the irreplaceable function in East and South Asia,the Japan-India bilateral relationship is closely linked with the security of China and even the Asian.During the Cold War,the US and Soviet antagonized with each other intensely,in the diplomacy,Japan followed the US,while India adopted a non-aligned foreign policy and maintained friendly relationship with the Soviet Union.Because of the different benefit,Japan-India relationship was relatively cool in that period.After the Cold War,the international situation had changed hugely,Japan and India adjusted their foreign policy correspondingly.Japan accelerated the transition from economic giant to the political power,while India gave priority to economic diplomacy and gave consideration to the foreign policy between east and west at the same time.The two countries found the same benefits through the diplomatic strategies of each other,and then they improved the relationship of each other positively and become the close partner relationship gradually.However,the development of bilateral relationship between Japan and India was not favoring but changeable ceaselessly.In May of 1998,India was strongly blamed and imposed economic sanctions by Japan because of the nuclear test which was carded out by India,the relationship between the two countries was nearly dropped to the historical bottom.Considering of the strategic benefit,both countries made great effort to restore bilateral relationships.In August,2000,the visit of Japanese Prime Minister Yoshiro Mori to India greatly promoted the restoration of relationship between the two countries and opened up a new prospect of development.According to this,in this article,we discussed the evolution process of Japan-India relationship from the historical perspective during every period,and also analyzed the cause of Japan-India relationships' evolution usi
