摘 要:随着知识经济时代的到来和教育体制改革的不断深入,职业院校得到空前发展。但是,相对于教育市场规模进展速度而言,我国的校园管理信息化水平还很滞后,职业院校尤其如此。现阶段流行的职业院校管理系统功能欠缺,采用的技术架构滞后,不易使用、维护及扩展,影响了职业院校的正常管理,遏制了职业院校的成长、壮大。因此,构建基于Spring框架的职业院校管理系统,具有很强的现实意义。
该职业院校管理系统能够对学生、教师、班级等信息进行自动化操作,对课程表的设置和查询、专业课和班主任的分配、考试成绩的登记和统计、图书借阅等进行自动化管理,并根据用户角色进行权限分配,系统功能符合职业院校管理实际,实现职业院校管理的规范化和网络化,有效提升职业院校的整体决策能力、管理水平和教学效率。
该系统采用Spring-Hibernate集成框架,将复杂的应用细分为Viewr层、Controller层、Service层、DAO层、Persistence层等五层,并面向接口编程。系统结构清晰,提高系统可扩展性和模块可复用性,简化系统开发过程。特别是笔者负责的系统角色分配、按照接口所处的层次进行Spring的XML文件分离配置以及对图书对象模型DAO层类结构、Service层类关系和Controller层之间关系的分析,彰显该职业院校管理系统先进的设计理念,对相关行业应用系统的研发具有较高的参考与借鉴作用。
关键词 职业院校管理系统,Spring,Hibernate
ABSTRACT :With the advent of the era of knowledge economy and the continuous deepening of reform of educational system,vocational schools have unprecedented development. However, Relativing to the rate of progress of education in terms of market size, our level of campus management information is still lagging behind, and vocational schools is the case in particular. The present stage popular professional colleges and universities management system management system lacks the function, adoptes the technical construction lag, is not easy to operating, the maintenance and the expansion, has affected the normal management of professional colleges and universities, and has hindered the growth and the strength of the professional colleges and universities. Therefore, to construct this professional colleges and universities management system based on the Spring frame, has the very strong practical significance.
This professional colleges and universities management system can carry on the automated operation to the information of the student, the teacher and the class, achieve the automated management to the class schedule establishment and the inquiry, the distribution of specialized courses and class teacher, the registration and statistics of the score on the test, and the books borrowing, and realize the jurisdiction assignment according to the user role. The system function tallies with the professional colleges and universities management reality, enforces the professional colleges and universities management standardization and the network, upgrades the vocational school''s overall decision-making capacity, management and teaching effectiveness effectively.
The system is adhibited the Spring-Hibernate integration framework, the complex applications is broken down into five-story such as the Viewr layer, the Controller layer, the Service layer, the DAO layer, the Persistence layer, and the system is programmed interface-oriented. The system structure is clear, enhances the system extendibility and the module reusability, and simplifies the system performance history. Specially the system role assignment, realizing the Spring XML document separation disposition according to the level of interface located, as well as the analysis which to the DAO layer class structure, the Service layer class relation and the relation between the Controller layer of a books object model completed by the author, shows this professional colleges and universities management system management system advanced design idea, and has the high reference on the relevant application system development.
Keywords The professional colleges and universities management system,Spring,Hibernate
第一章 绪 论
1.1 研究背景
一个国家的发达与兴旺,最重要的可利用资本是高素质的人力资源,而人力资源的培育与开发,很大程度上,寄托于高等教育。高等教育从精英化教育向大众化教育转变,正在经历着前所未有的转变。在这种具有历史意义的背景下,职业教育的发展异常迅猛,越来越成为成为高等教育的重要组成部分。因此,世界各国都很重视高等职业教育,我国在积极学习国外先进经验的同时,也在积极探索符合我国国情的职业院校发展模式。
职业院校管理过程是指对学生的学习及日常活动进行管理的过程,包括学籍管理、图书管理、课程管理、生活管理以及各种日常活动的管理等。管理活动之所以构成职业教育不可缺少的一部分,是因为职业教育目标的得以实现离不开管理。有效的管理不仅形成职业院校学习活动的秩序,更重要的是它与职业教育活动的融合是实现人才培养目标的必要条件。
职业教育作为一种特殊的服务项目不仅要为学员提供具体的知识、技能,使他们掌握一定的实用的技术;同时,还要为学员提供学习和成长所需的良好环境,保证学员既“成材”又“成人”,而这种氛围是在教育和管理过程中形成的。所以,教育过程、管理过程两者具有极强的关联性。职业教育的专业特点、生源状况以及社会环境的影响,影响了职业院校学生区别于普通高校大学生的心理与行为。同时,职业院校的形成也有其特殊性,部分是由中专升级而成,部分是由职业大学转型而来,部分则是由几种不同类型的学校优化组合而成,这几种因素共同构成了职业院校学生教育管理工作的背景。
现阶段职业院校管理应首先重视职业技术教育的人才培养质量观,同时,应采用创新的管理措施,构建先进的职业院校管理体系及运作体系。面对教育市场竞争及内部改制,职业院校迫切需要用IT技术来提升管理水平,提高竞争力。职业院校管理工作是一项事务性强、重复性大、准确性高的工作,传统的手工处理手段存在许多弊端,滞后的管理措施直接影响职业院校办学水平。然而,由于多种因素的影响,目前市场上仍然缺乏功能完善、技术架构合理、能有能助于职业院校管理的应用系统。因此,开发一套功能实用、易于维护的职业院校管理系统已是大势所趋。