摘 要:随着计算机网络的普及,网络攻击、计算机犯罪也随之不断增多。尤其是针对缺少技术支持的个人用户。与公司机关等大型用户相比,个人用户的防护较简单,防护意识差,使得个人隐私容易泄露,网络侵权不断发生。如何满足个人用户的保密、加密需求,采用什么样的加密模型,就成为了值得研究的问题。
本文通过研究现有的三维魔方加密,将三维三阶的魔方映射成用数组表示的虚拟魔方,仿照魔方的移动规律设计并改进了虚拟魔方的加密方式,该方式通过一定的随机步骤移动达到加密置乱的效果。在此基础上将虚拟魔方扩展到N维,分析了加密效率与加密强度随着维度增加的关系,同时结合主流破解方式,分析魔方加密的抗攻击能力。根据魔方加密的特性,找出魔方加密模型运用到文字加密上的不足,结合椭圆曲线加密算法改进N维魔方加密算法模型。并且针对汉字是象形文字与以字母为基础的拉丁语系不同的特性,加入伪随机数置乱,提高魔方加密对汉字的加密能力。在此研究基础上给出一个简单的实现,该实现是改进后的魔方加密模型。用该实现与DES算法进行对比试验,根据实验结果进行了加密性能和加密算法的总体算法分析。
论文最后对全文进行了总结,并对后续工作进行了展望。
关键词:加密, N维, 魔方, 椭圆, 伪随机
Abstract :Chaperonage mankind society of continuously development and progress, calculator gradually infiltration arrive people life of each area. Calculator of universality, biggest push mankind society of progress, speed transact an efficiency, convenience daily of food and clothing living, but in the meantime, network attack, calculator crime also immediately and continuously increase. It particularly is personal customers who aim at a want for technique support. With company organization etc. the large customer compare, personal customer''s protection more simple, protection consciousness bad, make personal privacy easy reveal, network infringement continuously occurrence. How satisfy the need of keeping secret, encrypting of personal customer, adoption what kind of encrypt model, became a problem worthy of study.
This text encrypt through the research 3D Rubik''s cube and reflect 3D Rubik''s cube of three ranks to shoot use a several mean of conjecture Rubik''s cube, follow a Rubik''s cube of move way design and improvement conjecture Rubik''s cube of move way, pass certain of random step move attain to encrypt to place disorderly of effect. Expand to N in this conjecture Rubik''s cube of the foundation full general, analysis encrypt an efficiency with encrypt strength along with the dimension increment of relation, combine in the meantime main current crack a way, analysis the Rubik''s cube encrypt of anti- attack ability. The characteristic encrypted according to the Rubik''s cube, find out a Rubik''s cube to encrypt a model usage to arrive a writing to encrypt top of shortage, combine oval curve to encrypt calculate way improvement N a Rubik''s cube to encrypt model. And aim at Chinese characters is pictograph with take letter of alphabet as foundation of the Latin fasten dissimilarity of characteristic, join false random number place disorderly, exaltation the Rubik''s cube encrypt the ability of encrypting Chinese characters. At this research foundation top give a simple of realization, should realization is improvement empress of the Rubik''s cube encrypt model. Use that realization to carry on contrast with DES calculate way experiment, according to experiment result carried on to encrypt function and encrypt an efficiency of total calculate way analysis.
Thesis the end carried on summary to the full text, and to follow-up work carried on outlook.
Key Words:Encrypt;N Wei; Rubik''s cube; oval and false random
第一章 绪论
1.1 课题研究的背景
伴随着人类社会的不断发展和进步,计算机逐步渗入到人们生活的各个领域。计算机的普及,极大地推动了人类社会的进步,加快了办公效率,方便了日常的衣食起居,但同时,网络攻击、计算机犯罪也随之不断增多。在各领域的计算机犯罪和网络侵权方面,无论是数量、手段,还是性质、规模,已经到了令人咋舌的地步。据有统计,目前美国每年由于网络安全问题而遭受的经济损失超过170亿美元,德国、英国也均在数十亿美元以上,法国为100亿法郎,网络安全问题日益严重。因此,数据安全问题成了普遍关注的焦点。
数据加密就是将原文件的数据通过某种模型,使其成为一段无意义的数据,只有在通过密钥还原之后才能够读出原来的数据,确保文件内容不被非法阅读和修改,保证信息的安全。解密就是加密的逆过程,就是通过密钥还原文件。
根据加密方式的不同,可分为硬件加密和软件加密,软件加密又分为对称加密和非对称加密。主要方法代码加密、替换加密、变位加密以及在传统加密方式上改进的数据加密标准DES,三层DES,RC2和RC4,数字摘要,国际数据加密算法IDEA。密码学在网络的推动下,已经得到极大的发展。但公众的个人隐私还是受到严重的威胁,个人用户的文件安全还是没有受到充分的保护。
因此,适合个人使用的高效加密模型,及其实现都成为了值得研究的问题。