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说明：
关键词： 血小板贮存,超微结构,糖蛋白
血小板贮存损伤(ThePlateletStorageLesion,PSL)是指从采血、制备、储存到把血小板用于病人的这一过程中，血小板因受到各种理化因素的影响，形态和功能受到损伤。近年来，临床对血小板的需求不断增加，血小板的制备和储存状况也逐步改善，但是PSL的存在严重影响了血小板的输后体内恢复率及寿命，削弱了临床治疗效果，甚至引起输注无效。因此对PSL机理的研究和预防措施的探索成为输血医学领域的一项重要课题。笔者就近年来对PSL的研究和进展综述如下。
1 血小板超微结构改变
1.1 形态
未活化的血小板呈光滑的双面凸盘状体，直径约3～4μm。按血库标准制备的新鲜血小板，形态发生轻微改变，出现棘突、伪足和弱聚集。这些改变经37°C孵育30min后可逆转［1］。在贮存期间，因活化或新陈代谢衰竭导致血小板膜屏障功能受损，从而引起血小板肿胀甚至溶解。22°C振摇保存24h，约有3%～5%的血小板溶解或气球样变；保存5d，增至5%～10%；若保存不当，受损血小板可达95%［2］。
目录：
1 血小板超微结构改变
2 血小板功能及代谢的改变
3 PSL的影响因素及预防
4 PSL的评估
5 发展趋势
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