试析澶渊盟中的宋真宗

论文编号:LS170  论文字数:11830,页数:14

 试析澶渊之盟中的宋真宗
 
 摘要
 
 宋真宗是继宋徽宗之后，最受争议的一位宋朝皇帝。传统上人们多把他与宋辽、宋夏议和的耻辱和大兴土木、东封西祀的活动联系在一起，然而宋真宗即位之初，励精图治、刷新政治，两次亲临前线，鼓舞士气，宋军大败辽军，抓住了时机适时完成了从战辽到和辽的转变，在谈判中关于关南之地的强硬态度，使辽国有所顾忌，最终以较小的代价换取了较大的利益。从此，宋辽双方形成共存双和的局面达百年之久，成为中国古代史上“汉蕃和好”的佳话。宋辽双方都为此作出了妥协和让步，都是“屈而不辱”。这也基本上符合封建历史时期中原王朝与游牧友邦交往的惯例，而且，盟约的签订顺应了历史发展的要求，其进步意义值得肯定。宋真宗作为这一历史事件的关键人物之一，其各项举措大致不错，尚不失为审时度势、运筹帷幄的君主。
 
关键词：宋真宗  励精图治  刷新政治  澶渊之盟  运筹帷幄
Ananlyzing Song Zhenzong in the Chanyuan Treaty of Alliance

Abstract：Song Zhenzong was a disputed emperor of Song Dynasty after Song Huizong.In tradition , it,s said that Song Zhenzong was link with the treaty of Song and Liao , the treaty of Song and Xia , and was link with a large scale of construction and offering sacrifice to gods or ancestors . However , he was hardworking and do something when he became a emperor . He attacked personally twice on his own to encourage soldier to fight for their home. In the end , the solider of Song won the war .By taking advantage of the battle at Chanyuan , Song Zhenzong seized the turning point from being at war with the Liao Dynasty to making a compromise with the Liao Dynasty . Liao Dynasty was fraid that the uncompromising behaviour of Song Dynasty on the region of Guannan . Finally , Song Dynasty exchanged smaller cost for larger benefit . Thus , both the two parties were in peaceful coexistence with each other for a long period of one thousand years .The fact that Han reconciled with Fan was well known far and wide in the ancient history . Of course , both of them made some compromises and concessions , and although they did not bring humiliation upon each other . Song Dynasty, s compromise is in accordance with the communication conventions between Central Plains dynasties and nomad  kingdoms in feudal times . moreover , the treaty-making meets the demand of historical development and thus has progressive significance . As one of the critical fingures of this historical event , Song Zhenzong took aseries of considerably effective measures in the first year of Jing De . So he was a monarch of courage and insight , of resource and astuteness , and of achievement as well .

 Key words: Song Zhenzong  Hardworking  Reform  Chanyuan Treaty of Alliance Courage and Insight
                                   

目录

引言………………………………………………………………………………1
文献综述…………………………………………………………………………1
研究方法…………………………………………………………………………2
讨论与分析………………………………………………………………………2
一、宋真宗即位之前的宋辽关系………………………………………………3
1.宋太祖“先南后北”政策的实施……………………………………………3
2.宋太宗两次北伐失败，确定被动防守的御辽政策…………………………4
二、宋真宗即位后北宋内外政策的调整………………………………………6
1.宋真宗对内政策的调整 …… ………………………………………………6
(1)宋真宗努力刷新政治，事必躬亲 …………………………………………6
(2)减免赋税，减免劳役，劝课农桑 …………………………………………6
2.宋真宗通观全局后确定“和辽”政策………………………………………7
(1)分析形势、确定“和辽”方针 ……………………………………………7
(2)“和辽”政策的确定和澶渊之盟的签定 …………………………………8
三、宋真宗在处理对辽关系中的表现  ………………………………………12
结论  ……………………………………………………………………………13
参考文献  ………………………………………………………………………14