静脉留置针在临床护理中的应用

论文编号:HL239 论文字数:8574,页数:15

论文题目：静脉留置针在临床护理中的应用
摘 要
 目的：描述浅静脉留置针在患者中的应用现状，改进患者静脉留置输液护理并初步评价其效果，以期改善临床患者静脉输液质量。
 方法：2010年8月～11月于本我院急诊观察病房，采用跟踪观察法获取留置针应用现状情况，记录穿刺部位、导管固定、留置时间、并发症等相关内容并进行分析评价。
 结果：按照浅静脉留置针常规操作，平均留置时间为3.59士1.24天。常用的部位为手背和前臂。并发症发生率为67.61%。其中渗出和静脉炎是最常见的并发症，发生率分别40.85%和21.13%。较细的导管可预防静脉炎的发生(p＜0.05)，输注乳剂者易发生渗出(p<0.05)。
 结论：观察到患者中应用浅静脉留置针输液并发症发生率较高。常规输液护理基本满足患者浅静脉留置输液需求。建议改进的患者静脉输液程序化护理管理，以在一定范围内延长留置时间，减少并发症的发生，使留置针得到更充分的利用。有效的措施加上详细耐心的护理教育，提高了患者对留置针的接受程度和依从性，有利于在患者中更好开展浅静脉留置输液。
 
关键词：静脉留置针；输液护理
 
论文类型：描述性研究
 
 Title: Intravenous catheter in the application and management
ABSTRACT
 Objectives:To describe the intravenous catheter in patients with superficial application status, indwelling intravenous infusion improve patient care and preliminary evaluation of its effectiveness, to improve the quality of clinical patients with intravenous infusion. Methods:April 2010 to 6 months in the hospital emergency observation ward for observation by catheter tracking application status, recording the puncture site, Catheters, indwelling time, complications and other related content and conduct analysis and evaluatio    Results:According to conventional operation superficial venous catheter, with an average retention time was 3.59 ± 1.24 days.Common position for the back of the hand and forearm.Complication rate was 67.61%.Exudation and phlebitis which is the most common complication rates were 40.85% and 21.13%.Smaller catheter can prevent phlebitis (p <0.05), infusion of emulsions were prone to leakage (p <0.05).    Conclusion:The application was observed in patients with superficial venous catheter infusion higher incidence of complications.Regular infusion of basic nursing care to meet the needs of patients with superficial vein indwelling infusion.Recommendations to improve patient care and management of intravenous procedures in order to extend the lien within a certain time, reduce the incidence of complications, the catheter system to be more fully utilized.Effective measures together with detailed patient care education, increase patient acceptance of the indwelling needle and compliance is beneficial in patients with superficial vein indwelling infusion to carry out better.
 Keywords：intravenous catheter; infusion care
 Type of thesis：description research

 目  录
摘 要 IV
1 研究背景及研究目的 1
1.1背景及意义 1
1.2研究目的及目标 1
1.3关键词及定义 1
1.4文献回顾 2
2 研究内容 3
2.1研究类型 3
2.2研究对象 3
2.3研究方法 3
2.4研究步骤 3
2.5统计方法 3
3.研究结果 4
3.1留置针输液效果 4
3.2穿刺部位对留置效果的影响 4
3.3留置针管径粗细对并发症的影响 5
3.4 导管的固定 5
4.研究总结与体会 7
4.1患者静脉留置针使用效果 7
4.2留置时间的影响 7
4.3穿刺部位对留置输液效果的影响 7
4.4针型选择对留置输液效果的影响 8
4.5固定方法对留置输液效果的影响 8
4.6结论与建议 9
4.6.1结论 9
4.6.2建议 9
5　致    谢 10
参考文献 11