环氧乙烷工业设计

论文编号:HG006  字数:20472,页数:67

内容摘要

本设计对年产5.0万吨环氧乙烷合成工段进行了工艺设计。并对环氧乙烷的生产方法、生产原理、流程路线及主要设备等进行了论述和计算。
 环氧乙烷是乙烯的重要衍生物，主要用作有机合成的中间体和原料，用于制造乙二醇、表面活性剂、洗涤剂、增塑剂以及树脂等。我国环氧乙烷生产能力有限，每年都要大量进口环氧乙烷产品来满足国内市场的需求。
环氧乙烷是乙烯衍生物中的重要基础化工原料，它主要用来生产乙二醇，因此环氧乙烷（EO）/乙二醇（EG）工艺是石油化工中的重要工艺之一。我国目前拥有大小不等的EO/EG生产装置11套，但相比于国外的同类装置，这些装置的 工艺落后，能耗和水耗都较高，因此研究EO/EG工艺优化以降低生产成本，具有非常现实的意义。环氧乙烷(EO)是衍生物中仅次于聚乙烯和聚氯乙烯的重要石化产品，主要用于生产聚酯纤维、聚酯树脂和汽车用防冻剂的原料乙二醇。还可以衍生出几十种重要的精细石油化工中间体，广泛应用于洗染、电子、医药、农药、纺织、造纸、汽车、石油开采与炼制等众多领域。本设计的工艺流程分为四个系统，分别为:反应系统、环氧乙烷吸收解吸系统、二氧化碳吸收解吸系统和环氧乙烷精制系统。并以这四个系统为主线，对工艺流程进行了叙述。
本设计的专题任务为环氧乙烷脱轻组分塔和环氧乙烷精制塔塔底再沸器，针对专题任务做了热量衡算和设备计算，对设备参数进行了校核，并根据计算的结果对换热器，即环氧乙烷精制塔底再沸器进行了设备选型。

关键词：环氧乙烷； 精制塔； 脱轻组分塔； 塔底再沸器

Abstract

The design of an annual output of 50,000 tons of ethylene oxide synthesis of a Section of the design. And ethylene oxide production methods, production principles, processes and major routes were discussed, such as equipment and computing.
Ethylene oxide is a major ethylene derivatives, mainly used for organic synthesis of intermediates and raw materials, used in the manufacture of ethylene glycol, surfactants, detergents, plasticizers and resin. China''''s ethylene oxide production capacity is limited, every year importing large quantities of ethylene oxide products to meet domestic market demands. .
Ethylene oxide derivatives of ethylene is an important basic chemical raw materials, mainly used in the production of ethylene glycol, ethylene oxide (EO) / ethylene glycol (EG) process is the petrochemical industry in one of the important process . China now has the size EO / EG plant 11 sets, but when compared to similar foreign devices, the technology behind these devices, energy and water consumption are higher, the study EO / EG process optimization to reduce the cost of production , Has very practical significance. Ethylene oxide (EO) derivatives is second only to polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride in a major petrochemical products, mainly used in the production of polyester fiber, polyester resins and the raw materials for vehicles glycol antifreeze. Can also led to dozens of important fine petrochemical intermediates, widely used in Xiran, electronics, pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals, textiles, paper, automobiles, oil exploration and refining, and other fields.
The design process is divided into four systems, are: response system, ethylene oxide absorption desorption system, absorbing carbon dioxide and ethylene oxide desorption system refining system. And the four systems to the main line, a description of the process.
The design of the thematic mandates removal of light component tower for ethylene oxide and ethylene oxide tower at the end of refining Tata reboiler, for thematic mandate to do the heat balance and equipment, the equipment parameters of the check, and in accordance with The results of the heat exchanger, that is, ethylene oxide refining Tata reboiler at the end of a selection of equipment.

Keywords:   EO（ethylene oxide）; removal of light component tower;  Refining tower; Bottom reboiler

目 录

1 文献综述..........................................................................1
1.1 环氧乙烷的用途性质及生产原理....................................................1
1.1.1 环氧乙烷的用途................................................................1
1.1.2 环氧乙烷的性质................................................................1
1.1.3 环氧乙烷的生产原理 ...........................................................1
1.2 工艺流程叙述 ...................................................................2
1.3 环氧乙烷的工业生产方法..........................................................3
1.3.1 氯醇法 .......................................................................3
1.3.2 乙烯直接氧化法................................................................3
2 物料衡算..........................................................................5
2.1 物料衡算流程简图................................................................5
2.2 物料衡算 .......................................................................5
2.3 物料衡算表 .....................................................................6
2.3.1 进料气体 .....................................................................6
2.3.2 进料/产品换热器...............................................................7
2.3.3 反应器........................................................................8
2.3.4 产品第一冷却器 ...............................................................8
2.3.5 产品第二冷却器................................................................8
2.3.6 EO吸收塔......................................................................9
2.3.7 CO2吸收塔.....................................................................11
2.3.8 E-207、208换热器..............................................................11
2.3.9 EO解吸塔 .....................................................................12
2.3.10 EO解吸塔塔顶冷却器E301、E302A ...............................................13
2.3.11 轻组分脱除塔 ................................................................14
2.3.12 EO精制塔.................................................................... 16
3 热量及设备计算 ...................................................................19
3.1 反应器的热量及设备计算 .........................................................19
3.2 EO精馏塔的设计计算..............................................................22
3.2.1 塔板工艺尺寸计算..............................................................22
3.3 EO精制塔塔底再沸器的设计计算 ...................................................30
3.3.1 初算换热面积..................................................................30
3.3.2 核算传热系数 .................................................................31
4 附录 .............................................................................34
4.1 英文文献原文....................................................................34
4.2 英文文献原文翻译................................................................38
4.3 计算机程序 .....................................................................43