2.7.2 Characteristics of Metaphor 25
2.7.3 Formation of Metaphor 25-26
2.7.4 Classifications of Metaphor at the Rhetoric Level 26-29
2.7.5 Approaches to Metaphor Translation 29-32
2.7.6 Classification of Culture 32-33
Chapter 3 Methodology 33-36
3.1 Approaches Adopted in the Research 33
3.2 Building of the Parallel Corpora of The Peony Pavilion 33-34
3.2.1 The Collection of Raw Materials 33-34
3.2.2 Alignment of the Parallel Corpora 34
3.3 Data Collection 34-35
3.4 Data Analysis 35-36
Chapter 4 Analysis and Discussion 36-83
4.1 Retaining Metaphor 36-57
4.1.1 Retaining the Same Metaphor 36-46
4.1.2 Retaining the Same Metaphor plus Explanation 46-49
4.1.3 Retaining the Same Metaphor plus Footnote 49-55
4.1.4 Translation into Different Metaphor 55-57
4.2 Translation of Metaphor by Simile 57-65
4.2.1 Translation into Simile with Same Image 57-61
4.2.2 Translation into Simile with Different Image 61-62
4.2.3 Conversion to Simile Combined with Sense 62-65
4.3 Conversion Metaphor to Sense 65-78
4.4 Deletion 78-80
4.5 Summary 80-83
4.5.1 The Total Frequency of Metaphor Translation Strategies in the Two Versions 80-81
4.5.2 The Difference between the Two Versions 81-83
Chapter 5 Conclusion 83-86
5.1 Major Findings 83-84
5.2 Contributions of this Research 84
5.3 Implications 84-85
5.4 Limitations and Suggestions 85-86
References 86-89
Appendix 89-103
Acknowledgements 103-104
Resume 104
