摘要:旅游电子商务的迅猛发展,是因为旅游行业较少涉及实物运输,旅游产品本身具有的个性化、信息化、时令化等特性,十分适合在网上销售,加上旅游业传统的促销方式难以适应游客行、吃、住、游、玩一体化的需求,旅游电子商务自然应运而生,并在迅猛发展的电子商务大潮中独领风骚。相比传统旅游业,旅游电子商务信息更丰富、经营方式更合理。游客可在网站里收集文字、图片、游记等详尽的动态信息,还可通过链接和搜索引擎浏览相关网站。旅游电子商务还改变了传统的旅游经营方式,它可以减少销售环节,降低产品成本,提高工作效率,能为客户提供更低价、更优质的服务。
本文首先对相关理论进行了概述,为下文奠定了理论基础;然后从我国旅游电子商务现状、北京市旅游电子商务现状概况、北京市典型旅行社电子商务应用调查、旅游电子商务应用与北京游客行为模式的调查四个角度对北京市旅游电子商务发展现状进行了介绍分析;接着根据前文对现状的分析,指出了北京市旅游电子商务发展存在的问题,针对具体问题,提出了北京旅游电子商务发展策略,希望能够对实践有所裨益。
关键词: 旅游,北京,电子商务,策略
ABSTRACT :The rapid development of tourism e-commerce is due to less travel industry involved in the physical transport. Tourism products have the personalized, information-based, seasonal and other characteristics that it is very suitable for online sales. In addition, the traditional promotion of tourism is very difficult to adapt the tourist needs that it is visiting, food, housing, traveling and playing. So, the tourism e-commerce came into being and leading the e-commerce in the rising tide. Compared to the traditional tourism, the tourism e-commerce have more information and more rational of operation. Visitors can collect the texts on the website、pictures and the travels. Otherwise, the visitors can search some website through links and search engine. Travel e-commerce has changed the traditional way of tour operators. It is reduces the sales aspect, reduces product cost and improves efficiency. More importantly, it is able to provide customers with more low-cost, better quality of service.
Firstly, the article outlines the relevant theory for the next paper. Then, the author described the status quo of Beijing’s tourist e-commerce from four perspectives. The four perspectives as follows: The status quo of China''s tourist e-commerce, the e-commerce overview of Beijing Tourism, the survey of typical travel e-business applications of Beijing, Beijing travel agent survey and the tourism e-business applications and Beijing tourist behavior. Thirdly, the author pointed out the tourism e-commerce problems of Beijing according to the earlier analysis of the status quo. Then put forward some development strategy for Beijing tourism e-commerce, hoping to help for the practice.
Key words: Tourism,BeiJing,E-commerce,Strategy
1. 前言
1.1研究背景及意义
1.1.1 研究背景
我国旅游电子商务开始于20世纪90年代末启动的“金旅工程",经过十年的努力已经取得长足的进步。据统计显示,2008年我国网上预定旅游产品的用户达到160万,市场交易额为8.5亿美元。专业的旅游网站500余家,约1.4万家各型旅行社中11.5%都建成了自己网站。其中,e龙商务旅行网和携程旅游网等大型旅游网站成为中国旅游电子商务的领跑者。它们主要利用信息技术优势为传统旅游供应商提供开放接口,较好的整合了旅游资源,并提供网上预定服务扩展了营销手段。与发达国家相比,我国旅游电子商务程度较低,被认为是一种“亚电子商务”。首先,企业内部信息化管理水平不足。企业管理、资源管理、供应链管理等深层应用未能有效实施,仅仅是建立了面对消费者的网上营业场所,大量的后台支持工作仍需要采取传统方式进行,实际操作效率低下、实时性差、运作成本高,多数网站不具备竞争力。其次,旅游企业间缺乏合作意识,旅游资源横向整合不足,从而无法提供有竞争力的服务提供方式。总而言之,我国旅游电子商务起步较晚,应用水平低,需要进一步探索更有效、更适合国情的应用模式。