肝硬化门脉高压合并脾机能亢进的介入治疗及护理

论文编号:HL031  论文字数:8207.页数:15

论文题目：肝硬化门脉高压合并脾机能亢进的介入治疗及护理
摘　要
 
 目的：探讨肝硬化门脉高压合并脾机能亢进的介入治疗及护理的价值。
 方法：应用PVA颗粒对57例肝硬化门脉高压合并脾机能亢进的患者施行经脾动脉部分脾脏栓塞术及护理。
 结果：随访术后不同时间窗内疗效并对比研究了栓塞前后的门静脉和脾静脉血流速度的变化，57例患者成功施行了经脾动脉栓塞技术及护理，达到了临床预期的治疗目标，消除了脾机能亢进的症状，无严重并发症发生，白细胞和血小板术后24h即有明显改善，4周后恢复正常水平保持平稳。脾静脉和门静脉血流速度手术后明显降低，随访6-21个月，脾机能亢进的症状未复发。
 结论：施行部分脾脏栓塞术并配合科学合理的护理，实现了简便、微创、安全的目的，既保留了脾脏，又使亢进的脾脏恢复了正常的功能, 疗效较好，为今后肝硬化门脉高压合并脾功能亢进治疗提供了一个良好的方法值得临床大力推广应用。
 关 键 词：脾机能亢进  介入性 栓塞  护理
 
 论文类型：应用研究，
 
   
 Title:portal hypertension and hypersplenism of cirrhosis Interventional treatment and nursing care
 
ABSTRACT
 
 
Objective:
 To investigate the effects of interventional therapy and nursing on patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension associated with hypersplenism.
Methods:
 Fifty-seven patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension and hypersplenism who received partial spleen embolization(PSE) were evaluated by using blood flow velocity of portal and splenic vein before and after the procedures.
results :
 All patients who received the procedures and recovered uneventfully.Their hyperslenisms were ameliorated with the time after procedures. No severe complications were occurred. Their blood platelet and white blood cell count improved within the 24h of procedure and were restored to normal level in four weeks. Blood flow velocity of portal and splenic veins were decreased significantly (P<0.05).No hypersplenism recurrence was seen in this group after 6 to 21 months follow-up.
Conclusion:
 It is suggested that PSE with proper nursing care is a simple,minimally invasive,and safe methods in the treatment of portal hypertension associated with hypertension.And by using these method,the spleen structure and function were restored.In conclusion, PSE is one of the best choice for cirrhotic hypertension associated with hypersplenism.
Keyword: Hypersplenism;Radiology,interventional;Embolization；Nursing
TYPE OF THESIS: Application

目录
 1 绪论 1
 1.1 背景及意义 1
 1.2 研究目的及目标 1
 1.3文献回顾 1
 2研究设计 3
 2.1研究对象 3
 2.2临床资料 3
 2.3研究方法 3
 2.4研究步骤 3
 2.4.1术前护理 3
 2.4.2介入栓塞方法 3
 2.4.3术中配合及护理 4
 2.4.4疗效监测指标 4
 2.4.5术后护理 4
 3 研究结果 6
 4 讨论 7
 4.1栓塞治疗脾亢机制： 7
 4.2栓塞程度： 7
 4.3并发症预防及处理： 7
 4.4正确护理的意义 8
 5 结论及建议 9
 5.1结论 9
 5.2建议 9
 致    谢 10
 参考文献 11
 附件： 12