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资料包括: 论文(7页8539字)
说明:
摘要:第18届国际遗传学大会达成的八点共识对于人类基因组的研究及其应用具有重要意义,也指明了在遗传学及其应用问题上不同文化之间如何解决它们之间分歧的最佳途径。纳粹德国的优生实践和前苏联李森科学派的兴衰都给我们留下了不可忘记的教训。围绕中国母婴保健法的争论反映了科学、伦理和政策的交叉。我们的基因组研究和遗传服务是为了增进个人的健康和促进家庭的幸福,而不能也不应以减少残疾人口为目标。在基因组研究和遗传服务中必须坚决保护病人隐私,坚持知情同意/知情选择和自主决策原则,在我们欢呼人类基因组研究成就的同时,牢记遗传学的历史教训十分重要。
关键词: 遗传学,遗传咨询,优生学,优生优育,知情同意,知情选择,隐私
Science and Politics: Lessons from the History of Genetics
Abstract: The eight points consensus reached at the 18th International Congress on Genetics have great implications for the human genomes research and its application,and demonstrates the best approach to solve the difference between different cultures on the issues in genetics and its application. The eugenic practice of Nazis Germany and Lisenko’s school up and down in the former Soviet union left us unforgettable lessons. The debate around China’s "Maternal and Infant Health Care Law"reflects the interface between science, ethics and policy. The purpose of human genome research and genetic services should be for the promotion of individual health and the happiness of the family, and should not be for the reduction of disabled people. The principles of informed consent/choice and the autonomous decision-making of clients should be upheld in human genome research and genetic services.At the time when we hail the achievements of Human Genome Project, it is very important for us to keep the lessons of the history of genetics in mind.
Key Words:genetics;genetic consultation;eugenics;healthy birth;informed consent;informed choice;privacy
目录:
1 遗传学历史上的三段插曲(详细内容请参看邱仁宗.科学与政治
2 科学、伦理和政策在这里交叉
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