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摘要: 衰老既是一种病理变化,又是一种不可避免的生理过程。其中,肾中精气是决定人的生、长、壮、老、死生命活动的主要条件。主宰着人的寿命和生命质量。老年病的特点是多脏虚损为重要因素,而肾衰是致病之本。在此基础上,多因邪侵,出现因虚致实、虚实夹杂的一系列病理表现。因此补肾精益肾气是祛病延年的基本法则。把补肾精与调养五脏相兼顾,辨证要准,立法要稳,审因论补,扶正固本,慎施戕伐。并且要注重养生,通过机体调摄,动静结合,适度饮食,慎因寒暑,补摄营养来延缓衰老。
关键词:肾虚 老年病 肾精 肾气
随着超过60岁的老年人口以每年3.2%速度增长,今年我国的老年人口突破1.3亿,约占人口总数的10%,我国将成为一个老年型国家。因此,加强和完善对老年病的研究已成为一个十分迫切的课题。
衰老既是一种病理变化,又是一种不可避免的生理过程。长期以来,一直有许多医家在探讨衰老的原因与机制,并提出了100多种不同的衰老学说,众说纷云,虽各有其理,但究其根源,肾虚是人体衰老的根本原因。
一、肾中精气,主宰人生
肾为先天之本,肾中精气是构成人体的基本物质,它与人体生命过程有着密切的关系,<<素问.金匮真言论说:"夫精者,生之本也"人出生后,由于"先天之精"得到"后天之精"的充养,肾中精气不断充盛,促进着幼儿骨骼及智力的发育,进而化生出促进性腺发育成熟的物质"天癸",男子产生精子,女子月经来潮,具备了生殖力。因此,当肾中精气充足时,精力充沛,骨坚牙固,耳目聪明,毛发润泽,二便自调, 从而提高了生命质量。以后随着肾中精气由充盛逐渐转向衰退,"天癸"的生成减少直至耗竭,生殖能力下降,以至消失,人也就从中年而转入老年,出现骨枯髓减脑空,身矮背驼、腰酸耳鸣、齿摇发白等老态,正如<<素问.上古天真论 云:"肾脏衰,形体皆极。由此可见,肾中精气是决定人的生、长、壮、老、死生命活动的主要条件,主宰着人的寿命和生命质量。故虞抟曰:" 肾元盛则寿延,肾元衰则寿失"。(<<医学正传>)
目录:
一、肾中精气,主宰人生
二、多脏虚损,肾衰为主
三、补肾益精,延年祛病
四、扶正固本,慎施戕伐
五、注重养生,延缓衰老
参考文献:
1.敖拉哈,老年医学与保健,1999;5(2):51
2.赵伟康,中药延缓衰老的作用特点与研究途径,迈向21世纪的中西医结合,北京:中国医药科技出版社,1991:298
3.罗仁,钟洪,疾病人群的虚症特点,辽宁中医杂志,1996;23(4):154
4.彭铭泉,中国药膳大典,四川科技出版社,1988:116—130
5.袁锦柏,老年医学与保健,1999;5(2):49
Invigorating of kidney Essence to Cure Disease and Prolong One’s Life.
Sheng Hui Feng, Ming Liang, Li He, consultant Qin Liang Fu
Shanghai Secondary Medical University, Ren Ji Hospital,Shanghai (200001)
Abstract: Senility is not only one kind of pathologic changes but also a physiological
phenomenon that is unavoidable. The kidney essence is the main substance that
controls the process of life and determines the life span and the quality of life.
Consumption of viscera is an important factor of geriatric disease and deficiency of
kidney energy is the root cause of it. Because of the deficiency of kidney energy and
the invasion of pathogen, there arise a series of symptoms of coexistent deficiency and
excess. To cure disease and prolong one’s life, treatment should be aimed at invigorating the kidney. It includes invigorating the kidney combined with invigorating five viscera, treating according to syndrome differentiation, increasing body resistance and consolidating constitution, without exhausting the healthy energy. Attention should be paid to the way of nourishing life, exercise and relaxation, proper diet, adjustment of body function to weather changes, replenishment with nutrition so as achieve the purpose of prolong one’s life. Key words: deficiency of kidney energy, geriatric disease, kidney essence, kidney energy。