智能散热器控制器的设计

论文编号:JD848  论文字数:32163,页数:59

摘 要
随着供暖方式向个性化、舒适化、环保和节能化方向发展，对供暖系统的性能提出了越来越多的要求。本系统是为电采暖散热器控制而设计的。散热器控制器以PIC16F877作为主控制器，采用模糊控制原理实现了散热器能量供给的自动调节和节能控制。本系统所设计的智能温度控制器是以集成温度传感器LM35D为检测元件，对室内温度进行实时数据采集、转换与处理，并与给定温度进行比较，运用模糊控制算法对温度偏差和偏差变化率进行模糊调节，得到输出量对散热器交流电路一个周期内通电与断电次数的固态继电器进行PWM控制，加热散热器，实现对室内温度的自动调节。由于在自动调节的作用下，控制了散热器的实际加热功率，实现了节能高效控制，同时此温度控制器还可以实时显示温度值，手动设定温度值，给用户带来了方便。

关键词：散热器；温度；PIC单片机；模糊控制；自动控制；节能控制

Abstract
With heating system development in the direction of personality, comfortable, environmentally and energy-saving, there is an increasing number of requests to the heating system’s performance. This system is designed to control the electric heating. The controller is selected PIC16F877 as the main controller and used the fuzzy control principle, realized the heating energy supply’s automatic control and energy-saving control. The intelligent temperature controller which designed for this system selects the integrated temperature sensor LM35D as the testing components, realizes the indoor temperature acquisition, conversion and processing, and then compares it with the given temperature. Control algorithms used fuzzy logic control algorithms which conduct fuzzying and fuzzy-back to the temperature deviation and its variety rate for the output, then this output will use the PWM to control the number of solid-state relay on-off in one period of the radiator’s AC circuit, then heat radiator, and realize the feedback and regulation to the indoor temperature. As the role of the automatic feedback adjustment, the system have controlled the actual heating power of the radiator, and have also achieved a highly efficient energy-saving control, while the temperature controller can also display the real-time temperature, set the temperature manually. So it brings much convenience to user. Key words: radiator; temperature; SIM PIC; fuzzy control; automatic control;
            energy-saving control

目  录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第一章 概述 1
1.1 设计背景 1
1.2 设计简介 1
1.2.1散热器节能温度控制器的工作原理 1
1.2.2设计的主要内容及技术指标 2
1.2.3设计思想 2
1.2.4拟采用的技术方案 3
第二章 温度控制系统的设计与硬件电路 4
2.1 温度控制系统设计分析 4
2.2 单片机温度控制原理 4
2.3 方案选择 5
2.4硬件电路配置与分析 8
2.4.1 PIC16F877单片机 8
2.4.2 数据采集及转换电路 11
2.4.3 显示与按键输入电路 14
2.4.4负载驱动电路 17
2.4.5直流稳压电源 18
第三章 模糊控制器设计 22
3.1模糊控制原理 22
3.2模糊控制的组成 23
3.3模糊温度控制算法的实现 25
3.3.1查表法 26
3.3.2强度转移法 30
第四章 温度控制系统软件设计 33
4.1系统软件设计分析 33
4.1.1程序设计功能及作用 33
4.1.2.软件设计 33
4.2 A/D检测模块 34
4.2.1 A/D转换原理 34
4.2.2数字滤波 37
4.2.3定时器TMR0的工作原理 37
4.2.4定时器TMR1的工作原理 38
4.2.5定时器TMR2的工作原理 40
4.3按键与显示模块 41
4.3.1按键模块 41
4.3.2显示模块 42
4.4输出控制模块 42
4.4.1输出原理 42
4.4.2标度变换 43
4.5系统粗略节能计算 44
总 结 45
软件程序清单 46
参考文献 55
英文原文与翻译 56
英文原文 56
英文译文 73
致 谢 88
附录A元器件明细表 89
附录B 程序流程图 91