美国英语与英国英语在词汇上的差异
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资料包括： 论文(23页6114字)
说明：
摘 要：美国是一个移民国家,美国英语主要是十七世纪英国英语在美国的进一步发展。美国英语和英国英语虽然有很多相同之处,但是由于历史文化和社会背景及人们的思维方式导致了很多的不同。随着社会的发展,美国英语与英国英语的差别越来越显著。本文通过回顾分析英国英语和美国英语的历史演变和发展过程,论述了美国英语和英国英语在词汇方面存在的主要差异，通过了解两种英语在词汇方面存在的差异,使英语学习者比较容易地掌握某一种英语以及正确地表达英语包含的丰富的知识。本文同时还指出了美国英语以其独有的特点和语言艺术魅力越来越受到人们的关注,从而探讨英语的发展趋势。
关键词：美国英语，英国英语，词汇差异
Abstract
With the development of the two countries—America and the U.K., the differences in some fields are clear and are also reflected in their languages. Even though there are many similarities in both variants, there are many differences in lexicology because of different regions, social backgrounds, the ways of people’s thinking, etc. This paper discusses the differences in lexicology between British English and American English and their tendency through the historical development of the two variants.
Key Words
American English; British English; the lexical difference
Introduction
Among the thousands of different languages in the world there is only one that can claim to be a more or less universal language—English. It is estimated that there are over 300 million native speakers, of whom some 200 million live in the United States and some 50 million in the United Kingdom. In addition to native speakers there are about 500 to 700 million people using English, which makes the total number of speakers nearly one-forth of the world’s population. Today, American English is particularly influential; there are many other varieties of English around the world, including, for example, Australian English, New Zealand English, Canadian English, South African English, Indian English and Caribbean English. Among the different variants of English the two best known are American English and British English. There do exist differences between the two, just as many differences in the varieties within themselves. To be consistent in the use of English, and more importantly, to be understood, the nonnative speaker needs to know which words have distinct meanings and pronunciations depending on whether they are used by an Englishman or an American. This is necessary not only for sake of communication, but also to avoid embarrassment. This paper will focus on how American English came to be different from British English in lexicology.
目录：
AbstractI
Key wordsI
摘要Ⅱ
关键词Ⅱ
Introduction1
Ⅰ.The History of British and American English2
A. The History of British English2
1. The Period of Old English2
2. The Period of Middle English3
3. The Period of Modern English3
B. The Development of American English on the Basis of British English4
Ⅱ.Reasons for the Development of American English5
A. Being in Different Regions5
B. Borrowing Words from Other Countries6
C. Revolting Politics and Ideology in North America8
Ⅲ.The Different Meaning in American English9
A. Creation of American Lexicon9
B. Different Meanings between American and British English10
C. Same Objects Expressed in Different Vocabularies10
D. The Simplification in American English Lexicology11
E. Other Forms of American English Different from British English12
Ⅳ. The Developing Tendency of American English and British English13
A. The Influence of American English13
B. The Leading Position of American English13
Conclusion16
Acknowledgements17
Bibliography18
参考文献：
Barnard，Helen. Advanced English Vocabulary[M]. Mass: Newbury House, 1978.
Concise Oxford Dictionary[Z]. NewYork: OxUP, 1964.
HouWeirei. British English and American English[M]. 上海:上海外语教育出版社, 1997.
Lu Guoqiang. Modern English lexicology. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 1983.
Cheng Zhang,Liu Shiping. An Introduction to English Lexical (Third edition) [M]. Wuhan: Wuhan University Press, 2002.
艾尔伯特.马克华德, 伦道夫.夸克. 英国英语和美国英语[M]. 北京: 北京语言学院出版社,1989.
陈艳.美国英语和英国英语的异同比较[J].滁州职业技术学院报, 2002, (3).
郭伯愈. 美国英语和英国英语[M].南京:江苏人民出版社,1982.
侯维瑞. 英语语体[M]. 上海:上海外语教育出版社,1999.
李向武. 美国英语和英国英语的词汇差异[J]. 通化师范学院学报, 2004,(7).
李霞. 英国英语和美国英语的差异[J]. 安阳师范学院学报，2001, (2).
刘轩竹. 英国英语与美国英语存在的某些差异[J]. 沈阳大学学报, 2005, (5).
吴允淑, 阎立. 美国英语和英国英语中词汇差异刍议[J]. 合肥工业大学学报：社会科学版, 2004, (2).
张维友. 英语词汇学[M]. 北京: 外语教学与研究出版社, 1997.
[15] 张永春.英国英语和美国英语的差异[J]. 乌达蒙族师专学报 ，2002,（3）.
[16] 周艳艳.美国英语的特点及其与英国英语的差异[J]. 焦作工学院学报(社会科学版), 2001, (1)
作者点评：
美国英语与英国英语在词汇上的差异
There exist differences between the two variants—American English and British English, just as many differences in the variants within themselves. Through discussion of their historical background and some main reasons including being in different regions, borrowing words in different situations, political and ideological revolting against British government in America, this paper gives readers a general knowledge about American English and British English and the tendency of the two variants. What’s more, they will know what kind of English they would like to learn.
资料包括： 论文(23页6114字)
说明：
摘 要：美国是一个移民国家,美国英语主要是十七世纪英国英语在美国的进一步发展。美国英语和英国英语虽然有很多相同之处,但是由于历史文化和社会背景及人们的思维方式导致了很多的不同。随着社会的发展,美国英语与英国英语的差别越来越显著。本文通过回顾分析英国英语和美国英语的历史演变和发展过程,论述了美国英语和英国英语在词汇方面存在的主要差异，通过了解两种英语在词汇方面存在的差异,使英语学习者比较容易地掌握某一种英语以及正确地表达英语包含的丰富的知识。本文同时还指出了美国英语以其独有的特点和语言艺术魅力越来越受到人们的关注,从而探讨英语的发展趋势。
关键词：美国英语，英国英语，词汇差异
Abstract
With the development of the two countries—America and the U.K., the differences in some fields are clear and are also reflected in their languages. Even though there are many similarities in both variants, there are many differences in lexicology because of different regions, social backgrounds, the ways of people’s thinking, etc. This paper discusses the differences in lexicology between British English and American English and their tendency through the historical development of the two variants.
Key Words
American English; British English; the lexical difference
Introduction
Among the thousands of different languages in the world there is only one that can claim to be a more or less universal language—English. It is estimated that there are over 300 million native speakers, of whom some 200 million live in the United States and some 50 million in the United Kingdom. In addition to native speakers there are about 500 to 700 million people using English, which makes the total number of speakers nearly one-forth of the world’s population. Today, American English is particularly influential; there are many other varieties of English around the world, including, for example, Australian English, New Zealand English, Canadian English, South African English, Indian English and Caribbean English. Among the different variants of English the two best known are American English and British English. There do exist differences between the two, just as many differences in the varieties within themselves. To be consistent in the use of English, and more importantly, to be understood, the nonnative speaker needs to know which words have distinct meanings and pronunciations depending on whether they are used by an Englishman or an American. This is necessary not only for sake of communication, but also to avoid embarrassment. This paper will focus on how American English came to be different from British English in lexicology.
目录：
AbstractI
Key wordsI
摘要Ⅱ
关键词Ⅱ
Introduction1
Ⅰ.The History of British and American English2
A. The History of British English2
1. The Period of Old English2
2. The Period of Middle English3
3. The Period of Modern English3
B. The Development of American English on the Basis of British English4
Ⅱ.Reasons for the Development of American English5
A. Being in Different Regions5
B. Borrowing Words from Other Countries6
C. Revolting Politics and Ideology in North America8
Ⅲ.The Different Meaning in American English9
A. Creation of American Lexicon9
B. Different Meanings between American and British English10
C. Same Objects Expressed in Different Vocabularies10
D. The Simplification in American English Lexicology11
E. Other Forms of American English Different from British English12
Ⅳ. The Developing Tendency of American English and British English13
A. The Influence of American English13
B. The Leading Position of American English13
Conclusion16
Acknowledgements17
Bibliography18
参考文献：
Barnard，Helen. Advanced English Vocabulary[M]. Mass: Newbury House, 1978.
Concise Oxford Dictionary[Z]. NewYork: OxUP, 1964.
HouWeirei. British English and American English[M]. 上海:上海外语教育出版社, 1997.
Lu Guoqiang. Modern English lexicology. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 1983.
Cheng Zhang,Liu Shiping. An Introduction to English Lexical (Third edition) [M]. Wuhan: Wuhan University Press, 2002.
艾尔伯特.马克华德, 伦道夫.夸克. 英国英语和美国英语[M]. 北京: 北京语言学院出版社,1989.
陈艳.美国英语和英国英语的异同比较[J].滁州职业技术学院报, 2002, (3).
郭伯愈. 美国英语和英国英语[M].南京:江苏人民出版社,1982.
侯维瑞. 英语语体[M]. 上海:上海外语教育出版社,1999.
李向武. 美国英语和英国英语的词汇差异[J]. 通化师范学院学报, 2004,(7).
李霞. 英国英语和美国英语的差异[J]. 安阳师范学院学报，2001, (2).
刘轩竹. 英国英语与美国英语存在的某些差异[J]. 沈阳大学学报, 2005, (5).
吴允淑, 阎立. 美国英语和英国英语中词汇差异刍议[J]. 合肥工业大学学报：社会科学版, 2004, (2).
张维友. 英语词汇学[M]. 北京: 外语教学与研究出版社, 1997.
[15] 张永春.英国英语和美国英语的差异[J]. 乌达蒙族师专学报 ，2002,（3）.
[16] 周艳艳.美国英语的特点及其与英国英语的差异[J]. 焦作工学院学报(社会科学版), 2001, (1)
作者点评：
美国英语与英国英语在词汇上的差异
There exist differences between the two variants—American English and British English, just as many differences in the variants within themselves. Through discussion of their historical background and some main reasons including being in different regions, borrowing words in different situations, political and ideological revolting against British government in America, this paper gives readers a general knowledge about American English and British English and the tendency of the two variants. What’s more, they will know what kind of English they would like to learn.