摘要:我国正处于建设社会主义和谐社会新时期,离婚率的快速上升成为又一社会问题,随着时代进步,离婚中涌现的新问题,新婚姻法为此增加了许多条款,从更多的方面来保护离婚弱势方的利益。从目前状况来看,离婚时的财产处理仍是主要问题,其中婚姻法新增加第40条关于离婚经济补偿问题,是继离婚经济帮助后在离婚时的财产处理上的又一新突破。这在我国尚属新生事物,但在国外很早就有了相关补偿问题,目前综观各国立法和判例,肯定家事劳动的价值乃国际趋势,并将家事劳动与夫妻财产制相结合作出相应的制度设计成为各国的普遍选择。不过我国的司法时间中却未能得到有效的适用,民众对此的认识还不深,而制度上也存在不完善的地方。本文就关于我国离婚经济补偿制度的相关问题进行探讨。
关 键 词 :经济补偿,离婚救济,家务劳动,夫妻财产制,补偿请求权
Abstract :China is in the new era that build a harmonious socialist society.The rapid rise of the divorce rate becomes yet another social problem . The new marriage had add a large number of new articles to protect the rights of disadvantaged groups in divorce case..Judgjing from the current stiation ,The distributin of the property is still the main problem in divorce case .The new Marriage Law No. 40 article on the issue of financial compensation for divorce is a breakthrough of the distribution of the property after the divorce compensation. That is a new thing in China, but in foreign countries have it has a long history about the compensation measures. Looking at the current national legislation and jurisprudence, we could affirm that the value of family labor is the international trend. Working out corresponding system design according to labor and the matrimonial regime become the universal choice. But China''s judicial time has not been effectively applied. Public awareness of this is not cleanly. There are also imperfect system. in this paper, we will explore the relevant issues about the china s divorce on economic compensation system.
Key words: economic compensation ; divorce relief ; family labor
Marital property system ; The right to request compensation
前 言
基于婚姻而产生的家庭不仅是一个社会组织,也是一个经济组织,具有实现人口再生产、教育子女、赡养老人和组织经济生活的社会职能。要履行这一职责,需要家庭成员投入大量的时间、精力,从事繁琐的家务劳动。家庭生活涉及抚养子女、照顾老人、处理日常家事等方方面面,需要夫妻间的分工协作。在婚姻关系存续期间,因夫妻的共同利益可以不作个体化区分,付出较多一方必然能从未来生活中得到因自己奉献和牺牲所带来的回报。一旦离婚,为家庭付出较多义务的一方,不能得到相应补偿,这其实等于是一方无偿侵占了另一方因家务劳动而创造的价值,从而违反了民法的公平原则。对于这一现象,法律不采取补偿措施的话,为家庭付出较多一方得不到慰藉,必然限制了当事人对离婚自由权的行使。反之,对从事家务劳动多的一方,在超出其应尽家庭义务的家务劳动付出,在离婚时予以补偿,能让其得到一些慰藉,在婚姻存续期间可以安心料理家务,离婚时也无后顾之忧。我国婚姻法修订后,新增加的第40条关于离婚经济补偿的问题,填补了对此的法律空白。