摘 要：教育在本质上是引导学生“成人”，促进学生的全面发展，教育的最终目的不仅要教会学生如何做事，更应该教会学生如何做人。随着时代的发展，激烈的社会竞争对人才的综合素质尤其是做人素质的要求越来越高，因此，近年来做人教育成为我国教育理论研究和实践研究的重要课题，如何对学生进行做人教育，以提高他们的做人素质的也越来越受到人们的重视。
但是从总体上看，当前我国很多学校做人教育的状况和水平远不能适应时代发展的需要，特别是中等职业学校尤为明显，主要表现在当下许多中等职业学校过多的注重了对职中生进行“何以为生”的专业技能的传授，而相对忽视了“为何而生”的如何做人的教育，由此所导致的职中生做人素质严重缺失、就业困难、竞争能力较弱等问题不仅影响到我国中等职业教育的可持续发展，而且还为职中生以后的和谐、全面发展埋下了“隐患”。因此加强职中生的做人教育成了一个亟待重视和解决的课题。鉴于此，作者希望通过本课题的研究，探究问题的缘由和解决的途径，为最终构建中等职业学校做人教育的科学模式提供一些思考。
本论文采用了观察、调查、个案分析、联系实际等研究方法，多维度、多层面的对职中生做人教育的基本内涵及重要意义、现状及原因分析、途径和方法等问题，进行了较为系统、全面和深入研究和探讨。全文除引言外，共分为三部分：
第一部分主要阐述了职中生做人教育概念界定、历史渊源和研究意义。首先对做人教育的概念作了界定，认为做人教育就是通过学校教育、家庭教育和社会教育等途径把学生培养成具有正确的人生价值取向、强烈的事业心和责任感、良好的道德品质和行为习惯的合格的社会公民的教育。并在此基础上结合当前职中生的实际特点，指出职中生做人教育的基本内涵包括培养职中生具有正确的人生价值取向、强烈的责任感、良好的道德品质和行为习惯、较高的人际交往能力和健全的职业人格。指出加强职中生的做人教育对于中等职业教育的可持续发展、职中生的成长和成才以及全面推行素质教育都具有重要意义。
第二部分在对当前中等职业学校做人教育现状进行介绍和总结的基础上，指出当前职中生做人素质上的缺失主要表现在人生价值观迷失、责任意识缺乏、基本素质低下和基本人文素养欠缺，并从学校、家庭、社会和职中生自身等方面全面而深入地分析了造成职中生做人素质缺失的原因。
第三部分主要依据上述的原因分析和职中生的实际情况，提出了现阶段中等职业学校加强对职中生进行做人教育的途径及措施，即以观念为先导，树立现代育人理念；以日常教育为基础，全方位渗透做人教育；以课程为途径，注重做人教育的综合渗透；以隐性教育为依托，创设浓厚的育人氛围。
关键词：做人；做人教育；职中生；中等职业学校
Abstract ：The core of education is to “bring up” students, to develop them in an all-round way． The pursuit for education is not merely to tell students how to work, to let them know how to do as man do． With the development of the society and in view of the continually increasing intensity of the competition, our society is giving emphasis to one’s well-rounded quality especially the essential quality of conducting oneself． Thus, recently, education of conducting oneself has been one important task to our country’s research on education from both theory and practice． Because of the above, how to guide students to do as man do, how to improve their ideas of conducting oneself become more and more clear to all the researchers．
Generally, most schools in our country can not suit the needs of the ask of our society for the available education of conducting oneself on neither its situation nor the level． That can be seen evidently in the middle vocational schools． Now, most of the middle vocational schools pay more attention to the training of the skills of “how-to-live”, in contrast, they all lose sight of the education of “live-for-what” on students． Being a serious phenomenon of repaying to this, the middle vocational schools hardly lose the education on the students the quality of conducting oneself, and they may face the problem of being difficult to find employment and weak to complete with other graduates, which has cramped the continuous development of the middle vocational education and set a hidden peril for the middle vocational students’ healthy “bringing-up”． So, how to enforce the education of conducting oneself on the middle vocational students becomes a task which should be thought much about and dealt with as soon as possible． Here, the author wishes to find the cause of the problem by searching for the project and to give some advice for forming scientifically the education of conducting oneself of the middle vocational schools．
By observation, investigation, case analysis and practice etc, the paper has a round, deep and completed study and research on the basic meaning and its significance, the existence situation and its cause, and the solution ways in various dimensions and gradations of the education of conducting oneself． Except the introduction, the paper includes three parts:
The first part mainly explains the definition, historic origin in and research significance of educating for an upright person in vocational middle schools． It first defines it as to nurture a qualified citizen with positive values, career goals, and a sense of responsibility, morality, behaviors and habits through education by schools, families and the society． Moreover, it specifies the basic meaning of such education in a vocational middle school, which , combined with the practical characteristics of the current students in a vocational school setting, should include fostering positive values, a strong sense of responsibility, a good morality and behaviors, highly sociable skills and professionalism． It further notes the important significance of strengthening such education to vocational middle school students on sustainable development of vocational training, academic and social growth and of the students, as well as overall promotion of moral education． The second part, which base on the introduction and conclusion of the current education situation about the present secondary vocational school, points out the lack of quality display in life mainly and at the sometime, it points out the lack responsibility consciousness and so on, which grow from school, family, society and so on．
The third part, which according to the analyses above and current conditions about the students of secondary vocational school stresses that the education of students and carry out some ideas which rely mainly on idea to set up the concept of current educati n; found on ordinary education to infiltrate education of conducting oneself overall; regard course as route to pay attention to the infiltration of conducting oneself comprehensive; rely on hidden education to set up thick atmosphere of education．
Key Words: conduct oneself； education of conducting oneself； vocational school students； middle vocational school
引 言
随着时代的发展，激烈的社会竞争对现代人的综合素质的要求越来越高，其中如何提高学生的做人素质，以增强他们在未来社会中的竞争能力，已成为人们普遍关注的一个重要问题。教育在本质上是灵魂的教育、做人的教育，做人是教育的旨归和终极取向，因此，教育的目的不仅要教会学生如何做事，更应教会学生如何做人，近年来，关于做人教育的研究和探索也越来越受到人们的重视。
