摘要:历史学习动机是直接推动学生进行历史学习的内部动因或动力。它作为非智力因素之一,对学生的历史学习效果有很大影响。基于中职生(中等职业学校学生的简称)历史学习行为上缺乏内在动力,而许多研究者对历史学习动机的研究又局限于普通中小学学生的现实,笔者对自己所在职业中专的历史教学进行了研究,旨在探索中职生历史学习动机的特点和激发他们历史学习动机的方法,为提高中等职业学校历史教学质量提供一定的教学借鉴。
本文介绍了相关的动机理论以及这些理论对历史学习和教学的启示,从理论上分析了学习动机的重要性及其影响因素。然后通过对呼市第二职业中专学生与普高生历史学习动机问卷调查的比较,揭示出中职生历史学习动机的特点,结合自己的历史教学实践,提出了在历史教学中激发、提高中职生历史学习动机的教学策略,并分析、总结了实践后的思考。本文不足之处在于问卷调查的样本相对较少,所收集的数据有一定的局限性,还有待以后更广泛、深入地调查研究和分析。
关键词:历史学习动机 中职生 对策 思考
ABSTRACT :Motivations to study, as one of non-intelligence factors and direct inner impetus, have great effects on impacts, history study is no exception. Because of students'' lack of inner impetus in history study, at the same time, some researches are confined to students who are in primary school and junior high school. Writer carries out a series of researches about this matter in order to explore characteristics of students in vocational school and to explore ways of inspiring them, which can in turn provide some experience for enhance the qualities of history teaching.
First of all, this passage introduces interrelated motivation theories and some hints coming from history study and teaching, in this way the author’s theory analyses the importance of motivations to study and its influences. Then the author opens out the characteristics of students in vocational middle school for history study by comparison questionnaires about history study motivations between students who are from the second vocational middle school in HUHEHAOTE and students in junior high school. In the third part, the writer points out the methods to inspire and to improve to history study based on personal teaching practices. The drawback lies in the comparatively shortage of investigation, so the data have localization which needs to do more researches widely and deeply.
KEY WORDS: motivations to history study; students in vocational middle school; countermeasure; reflections.
引 言
教育理论和教学的实践都告诉我们:学生是教学活动的主体,一切富有成效的教学都离不开学生的积极参与。学生对学习的兴趣及学习动机是各种有效教学对策实施的前提,是教育教学的出发点。针对近年来中职(中等职业学校的简称)历史教学中学生普遍存在的“不愿学”、“不想学”等较为严重的厌学现象,我们非常有必要探索激发中职生历史学习动机的对策,以解决中职历史教学的实际问题,更好地发挥历史课在素质教育中应有的教育功能。