摘 要：“重两端、轻过程；低水平重复、缺乏交流和转化”是当今教育科研的主要弊端。在课程改革和创建教育强镇的推动下，中山市东升镇的教育科研课题突然猛增。如何不让教育科研课题管理落入俗套，真正发挥课题研究的效益，是该镇面临的主要问题。本研究旨在充分利用高速发达的网络环境，设计和实现一个全过程跟踪管理的教育科研管理系统，加强教育科研过程管理；系统的各个部署之间还应具有资源库之间互操作功能，以促进研究成果的交流和转化。
为了实现对课题的全过程跟踪管理，本文在深入分析项目管理理论的进度管理理论基础上，论述了镇级教育科研课题本质上就是一个项目，符合项目的所有特征。镇级教育科研课题的过程管理完全可以借鉴项目管理中的进度控制理论，并且阐明了在镇级教育科研课题管理中拟采用课题研究周期性进度汇报、里程碑事件、项目执行状态评价、即时提醒等方法执行进度控制。
本研究的另一个内容就是要研究教育信息资源互操作，以促进教育科研成果交流和转化。为此，作者在深入分析教育资源库管理系统互操作框架（IFRM）体系结构的基础上，认为基于资源服务商松散耦合层的互操作具有易于实现，容量接受和推广等特点。结合本课题管理系统的应用特点和需求，采用XML Web Service技术实现了同一系统的不同部署之间资源库之间互操作，并给出了一个异构系统访问本系统资源库的解决方案。
系统设计和开发完全基于面向对象的开发方法和技术，在系统的开发过程中采用快速原型开发方法并遵循构件集成软件开发模型，自顶向下，逐步求精，完成一个满足设计目标的系统。在技术方案的选择上，通过综合比较PHP技术、ASP技术、ASP.NET技术基础之上，确定采用ASP.NET技术和Web Service技术，因为ASP.NET相对前两种技术更安全、更稳定和执行效率更高，而Web Service技术是实现“软件即服务（SaaS）”、最终屏蔽平台差异、实现异构网络环境下资源共享和互操作的关键。同时，本文在系统安全性方面也作了周密的设计。系统开发实现过程中采用的主要关键技术有：教育科研资源的XML统一描述规范、XML数据绑定技术、XML Web Service技术架构、使用Microsoft UDDI.NET SDK 编程进行注册和发现和用户自定义控件等最新技术。
本系统在设计上采用了六大功能模块，即：用户管理、课题申请评审立项结题、进度管理、文档管理和Web服务管理模块。系统的主要特点有：以项目管理理论的进度管理理论为指导、体现了“软件即服务（SaaS）”的现代软件开发思想、技术路线先进；功能全面，涵盖了课题管理信息系统所需要的全部功能，支持Web环境下的教育科研课题的分布式管理和服务；教育科研资源描述规范、文档格式兼容性好、资源互操作性强；界面友好、操作简单、实用方便；系统具有良好的安全性、开放性和扩展性。
系统开发完成后，已投入使用一年。从各方面的反映看，系统的功能设计和性能指标已达到了预期目标，得到了用户的广泛好评。该系统具有一定的推广应用价值，可为兄弟镇教育科研课题管理提供了一整套教育科研课题管理的方法和平台，具有良好的社会效益，对于提高我国镇级教育科研课题管理的信息化水平具有重要的务实意义和实践价值。
关键词：镇级教育科研；科研课题；项目管理；进度控制；管理信息系统；XML；ASP.NET；Web Service；互操作性
Abstract ：Nowadays, there are several defects in the educational research, including neglect of process, low-level repetition and lack of communication and conversion. Educational research is an important driving force in the further reform of curriculum. Under the initiative of building strong education at the township level, research projects regarding education in Dongsheng have dramatically increased. On the other hand, after reform of the personnel system the administration of such projects has lagged behind due to lack of human resources, which has caused problems in the sharing of research efforts. This study is aimed at designing and implementing a management information system for following up with educational research projects so that the efforts may be better managed and shared.
The paper argues that the process management of educational research projects at the township level may apply the process control theory in project administration. The system monitors the progress of projects with periodic progress report, milestone events, evaluation of performance, and feedback.
Another important contents of this study is to establish a system to operate the information resources with each other, so as to exchanges and transform the research result with the realization and prevent the repetition research of low level of education research topic .For this, the author is thoroughly analytical of the education resources database operates the norm with each other, combines the applied characteristics and need of this topic management system, and investigate this operation of the frame with each other of thus education research topic to manage the information resources database ,and also carried out to operate the frame with each other according to the XML Web Service technical education resources database.
The system design and development are completely based on the development methods and the techniques of Object Oriented Programing, and follow Component Integration Model.In the development process of the system, the author tries his best to adopt the method of the fast original shape to obtain a system that designs the target. On the choice of the technique project, through the comprehensive comparison of PHP technique, ASP technique and the ASP.NET technique, the author makes sure to adopt the technique of ASP.NET and Web Service technique, because of the safety, stability and efficiency of ASP.NET than the first two kinds of techniques, and that Web Service thechnique is the key to implement SaaS，shield the differences between different platforms, realize the share and operation with each other of resources finally. At the same time, this paper also does the careful and attentive design in the system safety. The key techniques of the system development have advanced techniques of the unification description standard of educational scientific resources, XML data binding technique, Framework of Web Service, UDDI SDK and custom components etc.
The system includes six function modules, such as user management, research task based on application, comment, approval and ending, rate of progress for management, document management and Web Service manamgement. It has some characteristic,such as guidance by project management theory’s rate of progress management, materializing the morden software development idea of SaaS,advanced techniques,complete functions covering all of the functions for the educational scientific management system , supporting distributed educational scientific task management based on Web.edcational scientific resource descriptions according with standard, good compatibility of document format,powerful operation with each of resources,friendly interface,simple operating , practicality and convenient using. It has provided security, open feature and expansibility also.
So far, the system has already been applying for one year and the system application has come to an expected result from all its reflections. And the system has given an worthy reference to other towns.It has some important reality meaning and practice value to improve the educational scientific task management informationization in our country towns.
Key words: Education Research of a Town; Research Task; Project Management; Control for the Rate of Progress; Management Information System; XML; ASP.NET; Web Service; Operation with Each Other
第一章 绪论
一、镇级教育科研课题管理的现状及归因
1．国内外教育科研课题管理的现状
走“科研兴校，科研促教”之路已成为广大教育工作者的共识。教育科研是以教育科学理论为指导思想来研究教育现象和教育问题，探索新的未知的教育规律及有效教育途径和方法，以解决新问题，新情况的一种科学实践活动。百年大计，教育为本，要发展教育，教育科研要先行。近年来,教育科研越来越受到各级教育部门和学校的重视，已初步形成了校校搞科研、人人有课题的全员教育科研局面，走“科研兴校、科研促教”之路已成为广大教育工作者的共识。
