摘 要：邓小平同志说：“要讲法制，真正使人人懂得法律，使越来越多的人不仅不犯法，而且能积极维护法律”。 在大力提倡“依法治国”的今天，对于青少年学生，加强法制教育，提高其法律意识，已经成为新时期学校德育工作的新课题。思想政治课是学校德育工作的主渠道，也是培养学生法律意识的主阵地。在思想政治课教学中如何进行素质教育，对学生进行知法、懂法、守法、用法能力的培养，已经成为政治课教师要深入研究并亟待解决的问题。
本文从四个方面对中学生法律意识培养问题加以论述。分别是法律意识的内涵，培养中学生法律意识的重要性，中学生法律意识的现状及问题成因，以及思想政治教学中提高中学生法律意识的主要策略。
中学生法律意识的培养是建设社会主义法治国家的需要，是建设社会主义市场经济的要求，是保证社会和谐、稳定发展的要求。中学生法律意识的培养是贯彻落实新课程理念，实现教育目标的需要。加强学生的法律意识是学生健康成长、全面发展的需要，也是学校推进素质教育的必然选择。
通过调查问卷的数据分析，我们发现当代中学生法律意识有如下特点：整体法律认知水平不高，法制观念淡薄，缺乏应有的法律信仰。中学生法律意识低下有中学生自身的主观原因，也有社会、家庭和教育制度等方面的因素影响。
在思想政治课堂教学培养中学生的法律意识就是要最终使他们形成法律认知意识、掌握法律的基础知识、形成现代法的观念。中学生法律意识的培养必须坚持整体性、多层次性、开放性、实践性的原则。在课堂上创设以法促趣的教学环境，构建法理交融的情感体验，激发以案释法的求知欲望，升华寓法于理的思考乐趣。案例教学法是教学中运用最多的方法，运用得法将有助于创设开放式的学习情境，有助于中学生逐步形成心理定势和行为习惯，有助于中学生运用法律武器保护合法权益。在课堂教学中为了解决课时少、任务重的困难，教师必须突出重点内容，优化组合不同章节的内容，可以采用专题的形式并穿插典型案例来讲述，力求收到良好的教学效果。在课堂教学中除了运用案例教学法、专题教学法之外，还可以运用“三问”教学法、活动教学法、讨论教学法等行之有效的方法，务求实效，切实提高中学生的法律意识。
关键词：思想政治教学；课堂教学；法律意识；培养策略
Abstract ：Comrade Deng Xiaoping said: “The talk about the rule of law, the real people who know the law so that more and more people not only did not break the law, and to actively uphold the law.” In a strong proponent of the rule of law" today, young students, strengthen legal education, to increase their awareness of the law and has become a new era and a new school moral issues. The ideological and political work of moral education classes in school as the main channel, but also train students of legal awareness among the main positions. In the ideological and political teaching of how quality education, the students understand the law, law-abiding, usage capacities, has become a political Teachers should thoroughly study and urgent need to solve the problems.
In this paper, the four students from the legal awareness training issues are addressed. Legal awareness is the essence of cultivating awareness of the importance of law students, a high school student awareness of the law and the facts of the current situation, as well as the ideological and political education among high school students in the legal sense of the main strategy.
Awareness of the law students is building a socialist country ruled by law, and which is building a socialist market economy, is to ensure that social harmony, stability and development requirements. Awareness of the law students is the implementation of the new curriculum concepts, the need to achieve educational goals. Enhance their awareness of the law students is the healthy growth and all-round development needs, but also to promote quality education in schools inevitable choice.
Through the questionnaire data analysis, we found that students of contemporary awareness of the law has the following characteristics: overall level of legal awareness is not high, have a weak legal concept, a lack of faith in law. Lower secondary school students awareness of the law students have their own subjective reasons, but also social and family factors such as the effects, as well as our education system itself flawed.
In the ideological and political classroom training students awareness of the law is to the end so that they become law cognitive awareness, master the basic knowledge of the law, the concept of a modern law. Awareness of the law students
must adhere to holistic, multi-level nature, open, the principle of practicality. In the classroom to the creation of the teaching and learning environment promoting Fun constructed blend of legal emotional experience, ignite and knowledge to the interpretation of desire, and raised the
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legal justifications 。Thinking fun. Case Method of Teaching is the most used methods, and use properly will help create open learning environment will help students gradually formed the potential psychological and behavioral habits, help students use the weapon of law to protect the legitimate rights and interests. In the classroom teaching in order to solve the class heavy tasks, but the difficulties teachers to be focused, optimized combination of the content of different sections, the topic can be used in the form of typical cases and interludes to tell to strive for good teaching results. In the classroom teaching, in addition to use of case teaching method, thematic teaching, I also use the "three:" teaching methods, teaching activities, such as teaching discuss effective methods, and seek practical results, and earnestly raise the awareness of the law students.
Key words: Ideological and political education; classroom teaching; legal awareness ;training strategy
引 言
“依法治国，建设社会主义法治国家”是党提出来的战略方针和目标。而中小学法治教育则是我国民主法治建设的奠基工程、希望工程，其成效在根本上决定着我们国家明天的民主法治状况。中学生属于青少年群体，是国家的未来，正处于人生观、价值观逐步形成时期，有必要对他们进行正确的教育、引导和帮助，使其树立正确的人生观、价值观，养成遵纪守法的好习惯，成为国家好公民。在大力弘扬社会主义法治理念的今天，搞好青少年的法制教育，提高青少年学生的法律素质，使他们具有正确的法治观念和较强的法律意识，不仅是提高青少年自身素质，确保青少年健康成长的需要，同时也是振兴中华民族的需要，对于实现依法治国有着重大的战略意义。法律意识的提高，决定其培养出来的人能否知法、懂法、守法，能否依法维护自己、他人、集体、国家的权益。如果一个人具有良好的法律意识，那么他就能够自觉地带头遵守法律，依法办事，就能够运用法律武器同各种违法犯罪行为作斗争。如果一个人具有良好的法律意识，就有利于加强国家的民主与法制建设，促进社会主义现代化建设，最终实现依法治国。因为法制现代化是社会主义现代化的重要组成部分，而法制现代化有赖于整体国民法律意识的增强.所以，要培养大批有用人才，法律意识培养应该放在极为重要的位置。而思想政治课教学是学校德育工作的主渠道，也是培养学生法律意识的主阵地。
